Genetics

DNA

100

What shape is DNA?

A Double Helix

200

Who discovered the structure of DNA?

Rosalind Franklin

300

DNA is bundled into structures called....

Chromosomes

400

A complete picture of all the chromosomes of an individual, arranged in pairs, in order of size.

Karyotype

500

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Genes & Alleles

100

Is "blue eyes" a gene or an allele?

Allele

200

An individual's appearance that is the combination of their genotype and their environment is called their ...

Phenotype

300

A male human inherits his 'X' chromosome from his...

Mother

400

What is the only natural method to generate new alleles for a gene?

Mutation

500

Two chromosomes that are the same size and have the same genes in the same places are called...

Homologous

Mitosis

100

How many daughter cells are produced at the end of one Mitosis cycle?

2

200

What is the first stage of mitosis called?

Prophase

300

In what stage of mitosis are the chromosomes pulled apart and away from each other?

Anaphase

400

What essential step must happen before a cell can undergo mitosis?

DNA Replication

500

At how many stages of Mitosis is the cell haploid?

None

Meiosis

100

How many daughter cells are produced after one cycle of meiosis?

4

200

At what stage of Meiosis does crossing over occur? (Be specific)

Prophase 1

300

What crucial step ensures that the daughter cells are not identical?

Crossing over

400

Provide an example of a cell type that is haploid.

Egg or sperm

500

Between which two stages of meiosis does the cell become haploid?

Telophase 1 and Prophase 2

Dominant/Recessive

100

Which is dominant: Blue eyes or Brown eyes?

Brown eyes

200

Ann individual that inherits a different allele from each parent is known as...

Heterozygous

300

What is the name of the grid that you can use to determine the genotypes of offspring?

Punnett Square

400

What proportion of the offspring of a Homozygous Dominant individual will express the dominant trait?

All of them.

500

If a human male expresses a recessive trait, but only has ONE copy of that allele, on which chromosome would you find that gene?

The 'X' Chromosome