the entire stretch of DNA that includes operator, promoter, and all genes they control
What is operon
100
the place where chromatin structure is regulated
What is first site of regulation
200
To initiate transcription, _________ ___ ________ requires the assistance of proteins called transcription factors.
What is eukaryotic RNA polymerase?
200
in alternative RNA splicing, different mRNA molecules are produced from the same primary transcript, depending on which RNA segments are treated as exons and which as introns.
What is RNA processing?
200
the protein that can switch off operon and prevents gene expression
What is repressor
200
promotes initiation of transcription by adding a methyl group
What is histone acetylation
300
Some control elements are close to the promoter, what are these elements called?
What is proximal control elements?
300
life span is determined by sequences in the leader and trailer regions.
What is mRNA degradation?
300
activates the repressor to turn on the operon
What is the inducer
300
states that specific combinations of modifications help determine chromatin configuration
What is Histone code hypothesis
400
The more distant control elements may be thousands of nucleotides upstream or downstream in a gene within an intron.
What are these called?
What is enhancers?
400
selected mRNAs can be blocked by regulatory proteins that bind to sequences or structures of the mRNA
What is Initiation of Translation?
400
this is the "regulatory switch"
What is the operator
400
the process where methylation regulates the expression of either maternal or paternal alleles of certain genes at the start of development
What is genomic imprinting
500
this pries DNA strand apart and hooks together RNA nulceotide.
What is RNA polymerase
500
After translation, various types of protein processing, including cleavage and the addition of chemical groups, are subject to control (proteasomes).
What is Protein processing and degradation?
500
this makes a liver different from a toe
What is gene expression
500
the mechanisms not directly involving the nucleotide sequence that transmitts inheritance of traits