Genetics and Heredity

Basics/Vocab

100

What is the word that means "The scientific study of heredity"

What is genetics

200

In which molecule are genetics stored and carried down?

DNA

300

In genetics, what do we call the appearance of a trait in an organism

Phenotype

400

What do you call an organism’s genetic make-up or allele combination?

Genotype

500

Where was Gregor Mendel born

Austria

Genetic Engineering

100

Name one substance that can now be synthesized through genetic engineering.

Answers vary

200

What does it mean to be transgenic?

DNA from two or more organisms are spliced together into another organism.

300

What does GMO stand for?

Genetically modified organism.

400

This type of enzyme cuts the DNA to allow other genes to be inserted.

Restriction enzyme

500

This process separates pieces of DNA from different individuals based on size

Gel electrophoresis

Probability

100

What is probability

The likelihood that something will happen

200

Describe the difference between expected outcome and observed outcome.

Answers vary

300

What are two ways you can express probability?

Percent, ratio, fraction or decimal

400

What is the probability formula?

The number of times an event is expected to occur/number of opportunities for an event to happen

500

If you flip a coin three times, what is the probability it will land heads up every time?

1/2 x 1/2 x 1/2 = 1/8

Non-Mendelian Genetics

100

Type of inheritance where the heterozygous individual for a trait is a blending of the dominant and recessive traits.

Incomplete Dominance

200

Type of inheritance where both forms of the trait are expressed equally

Codominance

300

What are the possible genotypes for someone with B blood?

BB and BO

400

If someone with A blood and someone with B blood have a child what type of blood types could their children have?

All blood types; A, B, AB and O

500

If a colorblind male has a child with a female who does not carry the colorblindness gene what two things are  true about all of their daughters?

They will all be normal vision and will all be carriers for colorblindness.

Mendelian Genetics

100

What is a "tool used in genetics to predict the chances of a specific genetic outcome"

What is the Punnett Square

200

What genotypes are possible for a cross between: Rr and RR

RR & Rr

300

Describe these genotypes using words; HH, Hh and hh.

HH: homozygous dominant Hh: heterozygous hh: homozygous recessive

400

What is the phenotypic ratio of RR x Rr? (R is for red and r is for white)

What is 100% Red

500

What is the genotypic ratio for RR x rr?

What is 100% Rr