DNA Structure
What are the building blocks of DNA called?
What are nucleotides?
What is the primary function of messenger RNA (mRNA)?
What is to carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome?
What is the first step of protein synthesis?
What is transcription?
What process do cells undergo to divide and produce two identical daughter cells?
What is mitosis?
What genetic disorder is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21?
What is Down syndrome?
What sugar is found in DNA?
What is deoxyribose?
What type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosome?
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
During translation, what does the ribosome read on the mRNA?
What are codons?
What is the term for the division of the nucleus during cell division?
What is karyokinesis?
What is the term for a disorder caused by a single gene mutation?
What is a Mendelian disorder?
What type of bond holds the two strands of DNA together?
What are hydrogen bonds?
What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
What is to form the core of the ribosome and catalyze protein synthesis?
What is formed when amino acids are linked together?
What is a polypeptide?
What phase of mitosis involves the alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator?
What is metaphase?
What is the genetic disorder characterized by the inability to produce insulin?
What is diabetes mellitus?
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
What process involves the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template?
What is transcription?
What is the role of the start codon in translation?
What is to signal the beginning of protein synthesis?
What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two identical cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse cells.
What inherited disorder affects the body's ability to clot blood?
What is hemophilia?
What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
What is a double helix?
What is the process of converting mRNA into a protein called?
What is translation?
What happens during post-translational modification?
What is the process of modifying proteins after synthesis, such as adding carbohydrates or phosphates?
What is the purpose of meiosis in organisms?
What is to produce gametes for sexual reproduction?
What is cystic fibrosis, and how is it inherited?
Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder affecting the lungs and digestive system, inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern.