Heredity
Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction
Inherited Traits
Sexual vs. Asexual (cont.)
100
Which of the following best defines heredity?
A: The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next generation
B: The study of the genetic instructions that are passed from parent to offspring
C: The specific sequence of DNA and RNA that code for specific traits
D: The process of creating more organisms of a species
A: The passage of genetic instructions from one generation to the next generation
100
Which of these occurs in sexual reproduction but not in asexual reproduction?
A: Genes carry genetic information.
B: An offspring is made of cells.
C: Cells from two organisms combine.
D: An offspring inherits a set of traits.
C: Cells from two organisms combine.
100
When a litter of puppies is born, the pups will exhibit certain physical characteristics that can be found in one or both of the parent dogs. These characteristics passed down from parent to offspring are considered to be-
A: acquired traits
B: recessive traits
C: genotypes
D: inherited traits
D: inherited traits
100
Lois breeds rats. She was surprised when a white rat with pink eyes was born in a litter of brown rats. She researched to discover that white rat fur and pink eye color were the result of a mutation.
A mutation means that —
A: the genetic information didn't copy correctly
B: the mother did not get enough nutrition
C: the white rat belonged to another litter
D: the white rat had its father's genes only
A: the genetic information didn't copy correctly
200
Which of the following best explains the difference between the terms “genetics” and “heredity”?
A: Genetics is the study of recessive traits; heredity is the study of dominant traits.
B: Genetics is the study of dominant traits; heredity is the study of recessive traits.
C: Genetics is the study of genes; heredity is the study of how genes are transferred from one generation to the next.
D:Genetics is the study of how genes are transferred from one generation to the next, heredity is the study of genes.
C: Genetics is the study of genes; heredity is the study of how genes are transferred from one generation to the next.
200
During asexual reproduction in one-celled algae, a single algae becomes two new algae. The genetic material in each of the daughter cells is usually —
A: half the number of genes
B: totally different from the parent cell
C: the same number of genes
D: twice the number of genes
C: the same number of genes
200
Genetic information responsible for physical characteristics such as eye color, height, hair color, and skin color can be found within an organism’s -
A: Ribosome
B: Golgi body
C: Nucleus
D: Cytoplasm
C: Nucleus
200
In one student's family, two of the children have curly hair, one child has wavy hair, and the fourth child has straight hair. Which of these processes is responsible for the variety of hair texture in this family?
A :binary fission
B: sexual reproduction
C: asexual reproduction
D: vegetative propagation
B: sexual reproduction
300
Which of the following is not an example of heredity?
A: Lions show their cubs how to hunt for prey.
B: Bacteria reproduce asexually to create cells identical to the parent cell.
C: A boy who is 5 feet, 10 inches is taller than his father who is 5 feet, 8 inches tall.
D: A red geranium plant is bred with a white geranium plant which produces a pink geranium.
A: Lions show their cubs how to hunt for prey.
300
Jellyfish are soft bodied, free swimming, aquatic animals. They reproduce sexually by releasing egg and sperm into the water. The egg and sperm unite in fertilization and create a new jellyfish polyp.
Which of the following best describes a jellyfish polyp?
A: The jellyfish polyp will be genetically identical to the parent jellyfish.
B: The jellyfish polyp will be a diverse combination of the parent jellyfish genetic material.
C: The jellyfish polyp will have twice as much genetic material as the parent jellyfish.
D: The jellyfish polyp will be genetically identical to its siblings.
B: The jellyfish polyp will be a diverse combination of the parent jellyfish genetic material.
300
As an onion undergoes mitosis, an onion cell will make a copy of its genetic material which leads to the development of an identical daughter cell. Which part of an onion’s cells contains the genetic material needed for mitosis to produce these identical daughter cells?
A: Chromosomes within the nucleus
B: Chromosomes within the endoplasmic reticulum
C: Ribosomes within the cytoplasm
D: Chloroplasts
A: Chromosomes within the nucleus
300
African violets are plants that can be grown from leaf cuttings. The cuttings form both roots and shoots. How does the genetic material of the offspring of new plants grown from cuttings compare to the genetic material of the parent plant?
A: equal in amount and identical
B: less material than the parent plant
C: more material than the parent plant
D: equal in amount, but with distinct differences
A: equal in amount and identical
400
An organism inherits its genetic instructions from the —
A: Organism's offspring
B: Organism's parents
C: Organism's mating partner
D: Organism's prey
B: Organism's parents
400
Hydra reproduce by a process known as budding, as shown in the diagram below.
This process is the formation of a new individual that is a clone of the parent.
This type of reproduction is —
A:sexual
B: sporulation
C: asexual
D: binary fission
C: asexual
400
Which of the following best describes how an organism inherits physical characteristics, such as eye color, from their parents?
A: Offspring receive alleles from their parents, each allele contains genes, each gene contains chromosomes which determine the appearance of an organism.
B: Offspring receive chromosomes from their parents, each chromosome contains genes, each gene contains alleles which determine the appearance of an organism.
C: Offspring receive chromosomes from their parents, each chromosome contains alleles, each allele contains genes which determine the appearance of an organism.
D: Offspring receive genes from their parents, each gene contains chromosomes, each chromosome contains alleles which determine the appearance of an organism.
B: Offspring receive chromosomes from their parents, each chromosome contains genes, each gene contains alleles which determine the appearance of an organism.
400
Which of the following would result in the most diverse offspring?
A: bees bringing pollen from the flower of one plant to the flower of an another
B: an orchid with a flower structure that forces self-pollination
C: planting a cutting from a potato to grow a new potato plant
D: a plant that grows a bud and eventually falls off, that looks exactly like the parent
A: bees bringing pollen from the flower of one plant to the flower of an another
500
At the end of their biology unit, 7th grade students were asked to make a glossary of biological terms. Which student did the best job of defining the word “heredity”?
A: Kendall – Heredity is the study of chromosomes and the genes that they contain.
B: Carla – Heredity is the passing of genetic information contained in chromosomes from one generation to the next.
C: Joseph – Heredity is the study of human characteristics passed down from parent to offspring.
D:Devon – Heredity is the reason that tall parents will usually have tall children.
B: Carla – Heredity is the passing of genetic information contained in chromosomes from one generation to the next.
500
Certain species of whiptail lizards have only female individuals and no males. These lizards reproduce asexually. What is one disadvantage of asexual reproduction for these lizards?
A: A new population can be established by a single individual in a relatively short period of time.
B: All the members of a population are genetically very similar and less able to survive environmental changes.
C:They are smaller than lizards that reproduce sexually.
D: They are more likely to develop a variety of tail lengths.
B: All the members of a population are genetically very similar and less able to survive environmental changes.
500
A student created a model of genetic material using a basket full of yarn. Each spool of yarn has shaded sections on the string of yarn. An illustration of the student model is shown below.
What structures in genetic material does each part of the model above represent?
A: The basket represents the nucleus, the spool of yarn represents a gene, and the shaded sections represent chromosomes.
B: The basket represents a chromosome, the spool of yarn represents a nucleus, and the shaded sections represent genes.
C:The basket represents a gene, the spool of yarn represents a nucleus, and the shaded sections represent chromosomes.
D: The basket represents the nucleus, the spool of yarn represents a chromosome, and the shaded sections represent genes.
D: The basket represents the nucleus, the spool of yarn represents a chromosome, and the shaded sections represent genes.
500
Which of the following is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
A: It allows the offspring species to look just like the parent species.
B: It ensures that all offspring will survive if disease strikes.
C: It makes species more able to adapt to environmental changes.
D: It passes genetic information from one parent to one offspring.
C: It makes species more able to adapt to environmental changes.