Terms and Definitions
What are the Odds?
EPDS
Pedigree
Name that Part
100
The action of giving birth to a foal is known as...
Foaling
100
If B (Black Coat) is dominant to b (Red Coat), what are the odds the cow will have a BLACK coat?
75% or 3 out of 4
100
Which cows would you keep and which would you cull?
Tag Number | BW | WW | YW | Milk |
1 | 1.1 | 31 | 61 | 13 |
2 | 1.4 | 33 | 73 | 17 |
3 | 2.2 | 36 | 66 | 21 |
4 | 1.8 | 30 | 59 | 17 |
5 | 3.8 | 38 | 72 | 23 |
6 | 2.5 | 39 | 67 | 21 |
7 | 3.4 | 38 | 65 | 20 |
8 | 2.1 | 39 | 67 | 21 |
Breed Average | 2.7 | 33 | 61 | 16 |
Keep: 2, 3, 6, 8
Cull: 1, 4, 5, 7
100
Use the chart to answer the following question:
A grandsire carries a red coat color gene, what are the odds that his grandson will inherit that gene?
Paternal Grandsire
Sire-
Animal of interest- Paternal Grand Dam
Maternal Grandsire
Dam-
Maternal Grand Dam
25% or 1/4
100
Where are the ovaries?
They are located at 1.
200
Define Progesterone
The hormone that prepares the uterus for the fertilized ovum and maintains the pregnancy.
200
What are the odds that the cow will be Black and Polled?
B= Black Gene; b= Red Gene; P= Polled;p= Horned
BbPP BbPp bbPP bbPp
BbPp Bbpp bbPp bbpp
BbPP BbPp bbPP bbPp
BbPp Bbpp bbPp bbpp
37.5% or 6/16
200
Tell me which each stands for:
BW
WW
YW
MM
NBA
LW21
BF
BW= Birth Weight
WW= Weaning Weight
YW= Yearling Weight
MM= Maternal Milk
NBA= Number Born Alive
LW21= 21- Day Litter Weight
BF= Back Fat
200
Use the chart to answer the following question:
The paternal grandsire and the dam are both carriers of the red coat color gene, what are the odds that the animal in question will be born red?
Paternal Grandsire
Sire-
Animal of interest- Paternal Grand Dam
Maternal Grandsire
Dam-
Maternal Grand Dam
Odds of receiving gene from grandsire: ¼
Odds of receiving gene from dam: ½
Odds of receiving genes from both sides:
¼ x ½ = 1/8
200
Where are the fallopian tubes?
They are located at 2
300
Define Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
A gonadotropin hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulated maturation of ovarian follicles in female mammals and growth of seminiferous tubules in males.
300
What are the odds that the cow will be Black and Polled?
What are the odds for a Red and Horned cow?
B= Black Gene; b= Red Gene; P= Polled;p= Horned
BbPP BbPp bbPP bbPp
BbPp Bbpp bbPp bbpp
BbPP BbPp bbPP bbPp
BbPp Bbpp bbPp bbpp
12.5% or 2/16
300
Which cows would you keep and which would you cull?
No. | BW | WW | YW | Milk |
1 | 2.4 | 45 | 76 | 22.0 |
2 | 1.8 | 51 | 86 | 21.0 |
3 | 2.2 | 50 | 84 | 22.0 |
4 | 2.0 | 46 | 78 | 23.0 |
5 | 2.5 | 35 | 62 | 18.0 |
6 | 0.4 | 36 | 64 | 20.0 |
7 | 2.0 | 44 | 76 | 21.0 |
8 | 2.4 | 40 | 72 | 20.0 |
Breed Average | 2.2 | 41 | 76 | 20.0 |
Keep: 1, 2, 3, 4
Cull: 5, 6, 7, 8
300
What is a pedigree?
A visual method of tracking ancestry of animals.
300
Where is the cervix?
At 4
400
Tell me the difference between a Qualitative Trait and a Quantitative Trait.
Qualitative: Traits that are easily observable
Quantitative: Traits that are measurable
400
White is dominant over black: WW=Lethal White;
Ww= Healthy White; ww= colored; bb= Chesnut
How many horses will turn out Black?
WB | Wb | wB | wb | |
WB | WWBB | WWBb | WwBB | WwBb |
Wb | WWBb | WWbb | WwBb | Wwbb |
wB | WwBB | WwBb | wwBB | wwBb |
wb | WwBb | Wwbb | wwBb | wwbb |
3/16 or 18.75%
400
Which cows would you keep and which would you cull?
No. | BW | WW | YW | Milk | $Beef |
1 | 2.0 | 52 | 86 | 24.0 | +44.82 |
2 | 2.2 | 50 | 82 | 24.0 | +41.74 |
3 | 2.1 | 50 | 83 | 22.0 | +42.14 |
4 | 1.0 | 49 | 81 | 23.0 | +41.22 |
5 | 0.9 | 36 | 71 | 20.0 | +32.94 |
6 | 1.5 | 38 | 74 | 18.0 | +34.53 |
7 | 1.7 | 52 | 87 | 24.0 | +45.57 |
8 | 2.1 | 54 | 88 | 23.0 | +46.02 |
Breed Average | 2.2 | 43 | 80 | 20.0 | +39.02 |
Keep: 1, 4, 7, 8
Cull: 2, 3, 5, 6
400
2. How can animal breeders use pedigrees to track genetic inheritance?
They can make sure the animal has the desired traits and if one of the animals has a weird trait they can track it back to see where they got the trait from.
400
Where is the prostate gland?
Located at 2.
500
Which is the mating of animals of different lineage within the same breed and happens to be the most popular system of pairing animals?
A. Inbreeding
B. Outcrossing
C. Pasture Breeding
B. Outcrossing
500
Give me the possible genotypes for parent one: BbPp
And Parent 2: bbPp
Parent one: Bb, BP, Bp, bP, bp
Parent 2: bb, bP, bp
500
Describe Genomics
Technology that probes a DNA sample for desirable genes for economically important traits
Totally eliminates environment from selection
Challenge is finding the genes responsible for economically important traits
Research is underway
500
Label a Pedigree
A. Sire
B. Dam
C. Animal of Interest
D. Paternal Grand Dam
E. Maternal Grand Dam
F. Maternal Gransire
G. Paternal Gradsire
Sire-
Animal of interest- Paternal Grand Dam
Maternal Grandsire
Dam-
Maternal Grand Dam
500
Where is the urethra?
Located at 4.