Friends (The one with genetics)
Building block of proteins. They used at the ribosome to make the protein based on the bases in the mRNA.
Amino acid
Choosing organisms of a species with desired traits to mate and produce offspring with these desired traits.
Selective breeding
Type of RNA that carries the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosome.
mRNA
Type of RNA which carries amino acids to the ribosome to build the protein.
tRNA
A technique used to make identical organisms.
Cloning
A genetic disorder caused by having 3 copies of the 21st chromosome. Can cause delays in development.
Down syndrome
A genetic disease which causes a change in the shape of red blood cells to cause clotting, strokes, and pain.
Sickle cell anemia
A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a particular protein and trait
Gene
Using enzymes to cut genes from an organism and move them into the DNA of another organism to produce organisms with traits we want.
Genetic engineering/splicing
The process of building proteins from amino acids according to the DNA code. Occurs at ribosome.
Protein Synthesis
A genetic disorder which causes a loss of muscle - replaced with scar tissue and fat.
Muscular Dystrophy
The molecule found in all cells that carries the genetic information for that organism.
DNA
Copying DNA
Replicate
Any change to an organism’s DNA caused by unnatural exposure in the environment like radiation or chemicals.
Mutation
A structure in the nucleus that contains genes. There are 46 in every human body cell.
Chromosome
Building blocks of DNA and RNA. The sequence of which determines which proteins the cell makes.
Nitrogen base/Nucleic Acid
A special enzyme used to cut DNA. Used in the techniques of genetic engineering and electrophoresis.
Restriction enzyme
Pictures of a person’s chromosomes are arranged by size in order to analyze for certain genetic diseases.
Karyotyping
DNA acts as a _________ that is used to make a new strand of DNA.
Template
A lab technique that cuts DNA with restriction enzymes and then separates the DNA fragments based on size. Most often used in paternity tests.
Gel Electrophoresis