Chromosomes, genes, alleles, and mutations
Meiosis
Theoretical Genetics
Evolution
Human evolution & Classification
100
One specific form of a gene, differing from others by only a few base pairs and occupying the same locus as others of the same gene.
What is an allele?
100
A reductive division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei.
What is meiosis?
100
Chromosomes that do not determine gender in individuals.
What are autosomes?
100
These include the fossil record, selective breeding of domesticated animals, and homologous structures.
What is evidence of evolution?
100
This is a tool used to show the relationship of different organisms based on shared traits.
What is a cladogram?
200
A random change in the genetic code.
What is a mutation?
200
Down Syndrome is an example of this phenomenon.
What is autosomal non-disjunction?
200
The predicted genotypic ratio of offspring resulting from two heterozygous individuals.
What is 1:2:1?
200
The presence of this is necessary for a population to change over time.
What is variation?
200
This gives rise to uncertainties about human evolution.
What is the completeness of the fossil record?
300
Describes the combination of all genes for an individual.
What is a genome?
300
A procedure performed by amniocentesis for pre-natal diagnosis of chromosome abnormalities.
What is a karyotype?
300
Is a tool used to deduce the genotypes and phenotypes of individuals.
What is a pedigree?
300
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria and beak shape in Galapagos finches are examples of responses to this.
What is environmental change?
300
This is only usable for items less than about 60,000 years old because of its half-life.
What is carbon-14 dating?
400
The point at which two non-sister chromatids cross over.
What is a chiasma?
400
States that by the end of meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes are sorted independently of how other chromosomes are sorted.
What is independent assortment?
400
This results in the production of offsrping that are a blend of the the two parents phenotypes.
What is incomplete dominance?
400
Large population size, random mating, and constant allelic frequencies are assumptions of this.
What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
400
Neanderthals and H. sapiens are one example of this phenomenon throughout the fossil record.
What is coexistence of hominid species?
500
A blood based disease resulting from a single base substitution of GTG from GAG.
What is sickle-cell anemia?
500
These are the two factors that lead to an effectively infinite genetic variety of gametes.
What are crossing over in prophase I and independent assortment (random orientation) in metaphase I?
500
Human blood type is an example of this type of inheritance.
What is codominance or multiple alleles? (both statements are true)
500
This results from migration/immigration and can slow the rate of evolution.
What is gene flow?
500
Is the type of speciation best illustrated by the founders effect in an archipelago like the Hawaiian islands.
What is allopatric speciation?
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