Gregor Mendel
Gregor Mendel formulated some basic principles of heredity from the results of his experiments with...?
Pea Plants
Define 'Evolution'
The process by which species have developed over time
Who developed the theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
Two cuttings taken from the same parent plant may differ in phenotypes when they are grown in separatecontainers. This difference is most likely due to...?
Environmental differences
How many Chromosomes do humans typically have...?
46
Gregor Mendel developed some basic principles of heredity by...?
Mathematically analyzing crosses of pea plants
Define 'Punnett Square'
Square diagram used to map alleles, and their probabilities
Observation of Galapagos Finch populations and their traits
What is another term we can use to describe animal or plant breeding directed by man...?
Artificial Selection
How many pairs of Chromosomes do humans typically have...?
23
After observing traits in offspring of many generations of pea plant crosses, Gregor Mendel formulated the principle of...?
Dominance
Define 'Allele'
A variant of a gene that may or may not cause a change in Phenotype
The species of finches that Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands displayed different structural and behavioral adaptations. What is the best explanation for these adaptations?
Geographical Isolation from other populations of finches
Which organelle contains the genetic material of a cell, and how is it organized within this organelle...?
Nucleus, in sequences on Chromosomes
Early stages in the embryo of a fish are similar to the early stages of human and pig embryos. What is one explanation for this...?
All three species have a common ancestor
When Mendel was experimenting with pea plants, he noted that the traits for seed color and plant height were
inherited separately. This observation most directly contributed to an understanding of...?
Independent Assortment
Define 'Phenotype'
Observable traits or characteristics of an organism
What would be the most probable effect of reproductive isolation in a population?
The development of new species
Name and describe the two most important molecules in the cell regarding genes and genetic information...
DNA - Storage of genetic sequences (blueprints)
RNA - Carries out instructions from DNA sequences for production of protein
Describe an example of a phenotype observable in humans
Eye color, Hair color, Skin Color, Height, etc...
Name and briefly explain 3 principles of Genetics developed by Mendel
Independent Assortment, Dominance, Segregation
Define 'Natural Selection'
Mechanism of evolution, in which the reproductive success of heritable traits drives change in organisms
What does 'survival of the fittest' actually mean?
Individuals that exhibit greatest reproductive success will pass on their genes, perpetuating their geno and phenotypes throughout a population
What are the two major differences between the processes of Mitosis and Meiosis?
(1) Mitosis involves only one instance of cell division, while Meiosis involves two divisions
(2) Mitosis produces diploid cells (Two sets of Chromosomes), while Meiosis produces Haploid cells (One set of Chromosomes)
What percentage of your DNA do you share in common with your parents and full siblings...?
50%