Genes
What is a Gene?
A part of DNA that carries genetic instructions.
What are Traits?
Characteristics of an organism.
Traits are passed from ___________ to ___________.
Parents ; Offspring
What kind of plant did Mendel use for his experiments?
Garden Pea
Amino acids are the building blocks of ___________
Proteins
What are Alleles?
Different forms/versions of genes.
If Brown Eyes are dominant (B), and Blue Eyes are recessive (b), which color eyes would a Bb offspring have?
Brown
How many pairs of Chromosomes do humans have?
23
What color were the flowers of the pea plants that Mendel observed?
White and Purple
The main difference between DNA and RNA
Double Helix vs Single Helix
What is a Genotype?
The genetic makeup of the organism.
What is a Phenotype?
Observable characteristics or traits.
What is a Mutation?
A change in a Gene or a Chromosome.
By _______-pollinating pea plants, Mendel was able to create genetic hybrids.
Which letters connect as DNA base pairs? A C T G
A & T ; C & G
Are genetic mutations always harmful? Always helpful?
They can be either helpful or harmful.
Some traits are _______________ and some are _____________.
Dominant ; Recessive
What does a Punnett square help to predict?
The probability of offspring traits.
Where did Mendel live, work, and conduct his experiments?
A Monastery.
The sides of the DNA ladder are made of alternating ________ and _________.
Sugars & Phosphates
Which of the following genes are Homozygous? Which are Heterozygous? Aa BB Cc dd Ee ff GG Hh
Homozygous - BB, dd, ff, GG
Heterozygous - Aa, Cc, Ee, Hh
How does the Punnett square relate to Mendel's experiments?
The Punnett square lets us predict the offspring's genetics, which is what Mendel observed through generations of pea plants.
Name the four nitrogen bases of DNA
Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)