What is heredity?
The transfer of traits from parent to offspring.
Sexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically ________ to their parents.
Unique or similar
Some genes can be hidden or covered up by another. These are considered to be-
Recessive
How are traits passed from parent to offspring?
Through genes during reproduction
Where are genes located?
On DNA, in chromosomes, in the nucleus
Asexual reproduction produces offspring that are genetically ___________ to their parent.
Identical
What is the punnett square used for?
To determine the probability that an offspring will have certain traits or phenotype.
Name two traits that could be inherited from a parent?
hair color, eye color, height, skin color, freckles, etc..
List the order of genetic material from smallest to largest
Gene, DNA, Chromosome, Nucleus
A black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black chicken (BB). What percentage of offspring will be black?
Why does a Punnet Square use capital and lowercase letters?
Capital = Dominant Trait Lower Case = Recessive Trait
The appearance of an organism based on its genotype.
Phenotype
For some traits, only one copy of a particular gene is needed to show a given trait. These genes are referred to as-
Dominant
Having dimples is dominant (D). Not having dimples is recessive. (d) Both parents are heterozygous for the dominant trait. What percentage of the children will NOT have dimples?
What do the terms Homozygous and Heterozygous mean?
Homozygous: same alleles
Heterozygous: different alleles
How do you know which allele each parent will pass to its offspring?
You don't, it is random.
Long ears are dominant (E) in rabbits. If one parent is homozygous dominant for the long ear trait and the other homozygous recessive (e), what is the only possible genotype of the offspring?
Ee
Two dark brown rabbits have four offspring. Three of the offspring are dark and one is white. What does this tell you about the parents' genes for fur color?
Dark brown is dominant and white fur is recessive. Both parents are heterozygous.