Genes
Everyone has two copies of each gene, one inherited from each parent.
What is the small sections of the long chain of DNA made of?
Genes
What does RNA carry?
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes.
What is mitosis?
The process by which a cell replicated its chromosomes and then segregates them, producing two identical nuclei in preparation for cell division.
What molecule do genes act as instructions to make?
Protein
What are the DNA base pairs attached to?
A sugar and phosphate molecule.
What are the three main types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?
mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA
What is a diploid?
A cell with full set of chromosomes.
What is the major purpose of mitosis?
For growth and to replace worn out cells.
What do many genes together form?
Chromosomes
About how many genes do humans have?
What does RNA serve as?
It serves as the primary genetic material for viruses.
What is a haploid?
A cell with half the number of chromosomes.
What is the name of mitosis cells?
Somatic
It prevents one or more of the proteins from working properly.
What are the DNA bases that pair with each other?
Adenine with Thymine
Cytosine with Guanine
What are the RNA bases?
Adenine with Uracil
Cytosine with Guanine
What's the difference between mitosis and meiosis?
Mitosis produces two genetically identical "daughter" cells from a single "parent" cell. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from the parent and contain only half as much DNA.
What are the steps of mitosis?
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What is a gene?
The basic physical and functional unit of heredity.
Where is the DNA located?
The nucleus
What are some functions of RNA?
Coding, decoding, regulating, and expressing genes.
What are the steps of meiosis?
Meiosis 1 - Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
Meiosis 2 - Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II
What is the acronym for mitosis?
P.M.A.T. -Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase