🧬DNA & Genetics
This molecule contains the genetic code and is shaped like a twisted zipper.
What is DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)?
The scientist who performed cross-pollination experiments with pea plants.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
This tool is used to predict the possible genetic traits of offspring.
What is a Punnett square?
This is how a trait appears or is expressed.
What is phenotype?
RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to here.
What is the cytoplasm?
These are the four nitrogen bases in DNA.
What are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine?
Mendel chose pea plants for his experiments because they had this quality.
What is easily observable traits?
If one parent is homozygous dominant (AA) and the other is homozygous recessive (aa), what will all of the offspring’s genotypes be?
What is Aa (heterozygous)?
This type of inheritance involves more than one gene affecting a trait.
What is polygenic inheritance?
This is the job of RNA during protein production.
What is assembling amino acids into proteins?
This process copies a DNA molecule to make another one.
What is replication?
This term describes an organism with two of the same alleles, like GG or ff.
What is homozygous?
In a Punnett square, what do the letters inside the boxes represent?
What are the possible genotypes of the offspring?
A blending of parental traits describes this kind of dominance.
What is incomplete dominance?
This process uses RNA to build proteins.
What is translation?
This is the name for a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene.
What is a mutation?
This type of inheritance occurs when both alleles can be observed in a trait.
What is codominance?
In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (Aa × Aa), what percentage of offspring are expected to show the dominant trait?
What is 75%?
A dominant allele does this to a recessive allele.
What is block it?
This process makes RNA from a DNA template.
What is transcription?
This term describes the segment of DNA that carries instructions for one trait.
What is a gene?
This is the main reason Mendel performed cross-pollination.
What is to track which traits were produced by specific parental crosses?
What genotype ratio results from a heterozygous (Aa) × heterozygous (Aa) cross?
What is 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aa?
The actual two alleles that control a phenotype.
What is genotype?
A group of three nitrogen bases in RNA.
What is a codon?