Genetics 1
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides
The type of allele in whose trait always shows up in the organism if the allele is present
dominant allele
How are phenotype and genotype different?
Phenotype is what shows up physically; genotype is the collection of genes
An organism with two different alleles for a trait is called what?
heterozygous
What is the function of DNA?
To store genetic information
Genes can result in the expression of traits by coding for a specific ______.
Protein
Where are chromosomes located?
Nucleus of cells
What is an organism's genotype?
Its genetic makeup, or allele combination
For example TT, Tt ,tt, BB, Bb, bb
The name of the genotype if an organism's is hybrid.
heterozygous
If there is a recessive trait being looked at, would it show up in every generation of a pedigree?
No it can be carried
A gene is a segment of _____.
DNA
Transcribe the following sequence of DNA into mRNA: ATG-CCG-ATA-GCA
UAC-GGC-UAU-CGU
What is an organism's phenotype?
Its physical appearance or traits
( For example a tall pea plant or a black guinea pig)
How is a species different than an organism?
A species includes all the organisms that are so similar they can mate
What is a group of 3 nucleotides called?
Codon
The different forms of a gene are called
alleles
The likelihood that an event will occur
Probability
An organism with two identical alleles is called what?
homozygous
Which is considered the phenotype?
Mm, rr. TT OR blonde vs brown hair
blonde hair vs brown hair
In a population of mythical water beasts, having star-shaped eyes (S) is dominate to triangle-shaped eyes (s). A homozygous dominant water beast has offspring with a heterozygous water beast. What will the Phenotype of the offspring be?
100% star-shaped eyes
0% triangle-shaped eyes
What are ethical concerns regarding altering the human genome that we discussed during our debate?
1) It could solve disease for only some humans, while leaving others to suffer.
2) It could create separate classes of humans, further dividing the population.
3) It could lead to drastic changes that remained permanent parts of our genome.
The type of allele that can be masked, or covered up
recessive allele
What are the four nucleotide bases in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
What is the process that turns mRNA into proteins?
Translation
In a population of mythical water beasts, having star-shaped eyes (S) is dominate to triangle-shaped eyes (s). A homozygous dominant water beast has offspring with a heterozygous water beast. What will the genotype of the offspring be?
50% SS
50% Ss
0% ss.