Genetics and vocabulary
This is the physical appearance or observable trait of an organism.
What is a phenotype?
A dominant allele is expressed whenever it is present with this type of allele.
What is a recessive allele?
When both dominant traits are seen in an offspring (BW) is an example of what type of inheritance?
codominance
This type of cell division produces gametes.
What is meiosis?
If both parents are heterozygous for a dominant trait, this phenotype is most common for the offspring?
What is the dominant phenotype?
This term describes an organism with two identical alleles for a trait.
What is homozygous?
Show the allele letters of a heterozygous tall pea plant has this genotype if T represents tall.
What is Tt?
Pink flowers produced from red and white parents are an example of this inheritance pattern.
What is incomplete dominance?
This stage of meiosis is where crossing over occurs.
What is Prophase I?
If two heterozygous parents are crossed, this fraction of offspring will be homozygous recessive.
What is 1/4?
These reproductive cells contain only one set of chromosomes.
What are gametes?
If two heteroyzgous parents cross (Tt), what is the chance that their offspring is homozygous recessive (tt) for the trait?
What is 25%?
A person with both A and B blood antigens has this blood type.
What is Type AB?
After this division, cells become haploid instead of diploid.
What is Meiosis I?
Crossing over helps explain why siblings are rarely this.
What are genetically identical?
These matching chromosomes carry the same genes but may have different alleles.
What are homologous chromosomes?
: This tool is commonly used to predict the possible offspring from a genetic cross.
What is a Punnett square?
Traits like human height and skin color are controlled by many genes and are called these.
What are polygenic traits?
Human gametes normally contain this many chromosomes.
What is 23?
Genetic variation created during meiosis is important because it increases a population's ability to do this.
What is adapt and survive changing environments?
This process exchanges DNA between homologous chromosomes during Prophase I.
What is crossing over?
Mendel's F2 generation showed recessive traits because these alleles were still present, even when hidden.
What are recessive alleles?
Show the possible genotypes for O blood type.
i i
Two major events during meiosis create genetic variation among offspring.
What are crossing over and independent assortment?
What are the possible blood types for parents who are heterozygous for type A and type B blood?
iA iB, IAB and ii