Vocab
These small sections of DNA code for physical traits.
What are genes?
when a trait has two of the SAME versions of a gene (both dominant or recessive EX: BB, bb)
What is homozygous?
a physical characteristic or feature that allows a species to survive better in its environment (EX: webbed feet)
What is structural adaptation?
Another phrase for artificial selection.
What is selective breeding?
Preserved remains of living things or traces of living things made of rocks.
What is fossil?
DNA is wound tightly into X shaped structures for storage inside the cell.
What is chromosome?
When a trait has two different versions of a gene (one dominant and one recessive EX: Bb, Ff, Gg)
What is heterozygous?
Instinct or a way an animal acts that helps it survive in its environment (EX: wolves howling).
What is behavioral adaptation?
The variety of dog and cat breeds that we have today are a product of______________ _______________.
What is artificial selection or selective breeding?
When two organisms share a large amount of similar DNA, what does that tell scientists?
That the were closely related.
Traits you can see that are coded by the genotype
What is phenotype?
Complete a Punnett square for Gg and Gg.
What are GG, Gg, Gg, and gg.
animals that have certain beneficial traits will survive better over time- survival of the best adapted- nature determines who will "win"
What is natural selection?
The common ancestor for all dogs.
What is the wolf?
Things that are furthest apart on a cladogram are _____________ __________________.
What is least/furthest related?
Two versions of a gene that each individual has that code for each trait. (EX: BB, Bb, or bb)
What is genotype?
Mike is heterozygous for brown eyes. His wife has blue eyes. What percentage of their children will most likely have brown eyes? What percentage will most likely have blue eyes?
What is 50% brown and 50% blue eyes?
What would happen to a population of mostly white rabbits in a snowy environment if global warming caused all the snow to melt year round?
The population would undergo natural selection and become mostly brown.
1) ____________ selection differs from
2) ______________ selection in that humans choose traits to breed.
1.) Artificial
2.) Natural
If a trait appears at the very bottom of a cladogram it means all living things on the cladogram...
Have that trait.
A diagram that shows how living things are related through evolutionary history.
What is cladogram?
The four answers for a Punnett square are Zz, Zz, zz, zz. What are the genotypes for the parents?
What is Zz and zz.
The four things needed for natural selection.
What are variation, inheritance selection and time?
How might a carrot farmer get bigger crops?
They could selectively breed the largest carrots together over time.
•Gazelles on the African plains are often hunted by the top predators. Over time, the gazelles have evolved to have very large eyes on either side of their head and very large ears.
–How do their eyes and ears factor into their survival?
–Explain how, through Natural Selection, gazelles have evolved to have these kind of eyes and ears.
•The eyes on either side of the head help them to see the predators coming from all directions. The large ears help them to hear the predators.
•Over time, the gazelles that had poor hearing and vision were killed off. Those with better vision and hearing survived to pass those traits on to their offspring.