Just Genetics
The characteristics of an organism.
What are traits?
Small section of DNA
What is a gene?
Genes of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present.
What is recessive?
Usually expressed by letters, the genetic makeup that shows the combination of alleles is known as
Genotype
a capital letter represents what type of trait?
What is a dominant trait?
The passing of traits from parent to offspring is called.
What is heredity (inheritance)?
This describes two of the same copies of a gene
What is homozygous?
This person studied the "Factors" in pea plants.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
DNA stands for
Deoxyribonucleic acid
One of two or more forms of a particular gene
What is an allele?
What is the complementary DNA strand of GCTAGCAT
CGATCGTA
This describes different alleles for the same trait.
what is heterozygous?
A square diagram that shows possible gene combinations.
What is a Punnett square?
With the exception of gametes, all human cells contain _________ chromosomes
What is 46?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be homozygous?
What is 50%?
Transcription is?
DNA segment (gene) coded into an mRNA strand
1) What mutation has occurred?
2)Use the codon chart to transcribe sequences to determine the amino acid for BOTH sequences.
Original DNA Sequence: CCC
Mutated DNA: GCC
When an mRNA strand leaves the nucleus, enters the ribosome and each codon is paired to an amino acid that forms a chain and eventually a protein. This process is called ____________.
What is translation?
Crossing a heterozygote person without freckles with a homozygous dominant person will result in what type of offspring?
What is an offspring without freckles?
What percent of the offspring of a cross of heterozygous parents will be heterozygous?
What is 50%?
A brown haired heterozygote has a child with a blonde person. What is the percent chance of having a child that is homozygous dominant for hair color?
What is 0%?
In the ABO blood group system in humans, if a person of type-B blood has children with a person of type-AB blood, what blood types could their children have?
What is Type-AB, type-A, and type-B?
A homozygous dominant brown mussel crosses with a blue mussel. What percentage of offspring are expected to be blue?
What is 0%?
Many farmers prefer cattle without horns because it is safer for their herds. The allele for no horns (N) is dominant to the allele for the presence of horns (n). A farmer mates a male with horns to a heterozygous female without horns. What is the probabilty of offspring that will have horns? Use fractions and make sure to reduce to the simplest form.
What is 1/2?
In horses, the allele for straight hair (H) is dominant, and the allele for curly hair (h) is recessive. A horse breeder mates a homozygous dominant mother with a heterozygous male. What is the chance that the offspring will have straight hair? Provide an answer in a fraction.
What is 4/4?