Meiosis
Meiosis makes
a. Body cells
b. Sperm and egg cells
Sperm and egg cells
What gives the instructions for making a protein?
a. Carbohydrate
b. Lipid
c. Gene
A gene
Which is bigger?
a. DNA
b. A gene
DNA
If you break your leg, your body heals itself by making new bone cells via
a. Meiosis
b. Mitosis
b. Mitosis
What process makes sugar and oxygen?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Cellular respiration
a. Photosynthesis
Meiosis makes cells with _____________ the number of chromosomes in the original cell
Half
What is something proteins do for us to keep us alive?
Build our muscles, help us move, make up our bodies, protect us from bacteria/viruses, control chemical reactions, etc.
A chromosome is made up of:
a. One DNA molecule containing many genes
b. One gene containing many DNA molecules
c. One DNA molecule containing one gene
d. One lipid wrapped around one ATP molecule
A. One DNA molecule containing many genes
Name one organ system in the body and what it does
Answers vary
What kind of energy do you begin with in photosynthesis?
Solar/light/sun
Why do we have two of every chromosome?
We get one copy from each parent
Why do children look like their parents?
Same genes/DNA/chromosomes ---> same instructions for making the same kind of proteins
Why do we make RNA?
As a temporary copy of DNA to carry those instructions for making proteins out of the nucleus to the ribosomes that make the proteins
What is homeostasis?
Keeping the levels in an organism (temperature, oxygen levels, blood sugar, etc.) steady at the right amounts for survival
Why do organisms do cellular respiration?
To break down sugar to make energy/ATP
Describe or draw "crossing over" during meiosis
Chromosomes switch parts with one another
What would be the DNA sequence of someone short with a pointy nose?
GAT CCA
If one DNA strand has these bases:
ATC
What does the other DNA strand look like?
TAG
When you cut yourself, your body releases some clotting chemicals to help the blood thicken and stop flowing out. The release of those chemicals triggers the release of more and more clotting chemicals. Is this a positive or negative feedback loop?
Positive feedback loop
Would bacteria living in a human digestive tract use anaerobic or aerobic respiration? Why?
Anaerobic, does not require oxygen and there's little oxygen in a digestive tract
Why does someone with sickle cell anemia have crescent-shaped protein in their blood cells and someone without sickle cell anemia have round shaped protein?
Different bases/letters in DNA (a instead of T) give instructions for making different kinds of proteins (sickle vs round)
Can you only have DNA from your mom or only have DNA from your dad? Why or why not?
No, because you get half your chromosomes (made of DNA) from your mom and half your chromosomes from your dad
How many cells do you make in mitosis? Are these cells genetically identical or different? Why do we do mitosis?
2 identical cells, to grow, to replace damaged cells from injury or illness
Can you make a lipid (cholesterol) out of the atoms in sugar (glucose)? Why or why not?
Yes, because they're both made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms