Structure of DNA
The two parts of a double-stranded chromosome are held together by a
centromere
pairs of genes that control the same trait
alleles
A change in the sequence of bases in a DNA molecule is known as
gene mutation
Cloning: mitosis or meiosis?
mitosis (makes an exact copy)
Another word for a fertilized egg
A zygote
This nitrogenous base is normally present in DNA but not in RNA
thymine
word for body cells
autosomes
Sickle-cell anemia
How many chromosomes are found in an egg cell, compared to a bone cell?
Half (egg cell n, bone cell 2n)
In the fallopian tubes of females
Given that there is 12% thymine in a given DNA molecule, what are the abundances of adenine, cytosine, and guanine?
12% A
38% C
38% G
A cell with half the required genetic material
haploid
What are the two genetic tests that can detect chromosomal abnormalities before birth?
karyotyping and amniocentesis
synapsis, disjunction, and crossing over are all associated with
meiosis
The egg exits the ovary and descends towards the uterus in the
fallopian tubes
DNA is held together by 2 backbones made of...
phosphate sugar
Both alleles are the same
Which genetic disorder is indicated by trisomy 21?
Downs syndrome
the partial exchange of DNA between paired homologous chromosomes (one from each parent)
crossing over
Human development occurs in the
uterus
What connects the backbones of DNA?
nitrogenous base pairs
The normal separation or moving apart of chromosomes toward opposite poles of the cell during cell division
Disjunction
Disease characterized by an XXY individual
Klinefelter's Syndrome
When a pair of homologous chromosomes has failed to separate or segregate at anaphase so that both chromosomes of the pair pass to the same daughter cell, it is called
nondisjunction
Sperm exits the body through the
urethra