Inheritance
When you get a trait from your parents after you're born:
Inheritance
What does PMAT stand for?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
The two forms of reproduction:
sexual, asexual
What does it mean in terms of gene expression if one gene is dominant over another?
The dominant gene is expressed, the recessive is not
A dominant trait or gene is:
the trait that shows up on a gene's expression
This type of replication creates genetically IDENTICAL cells
Mitosis
This form of reproduction requires less energy, time, and partners to happen
Asexual
What is a homozygous trait?
A trait where both letters are the same
A chromatid is:
One half of a chromosome; the proteins that make up a chromosome
This type of replication produces genetically DIFFERENT cells
Meiosis
What makes variety important within the genes of a community?
More variety = more strength = more adaptability
A genotype describes ________, and a phenotype describes ________
Genotype: the genes in a trait
Phenotype: the physical appearance of the trait
How many chromosomes does the average person have in their cells?
46
This process produces TWO cells at the end, after doing PMAT ONCE
Mitosis
What makes asexual reproduction better than sexual, in terms of the number and speed of offspring produced?
Asexual is much faster and produces more offspring than sexual reproduction
Complete the punnett square on the board:
A homozygous recessive trait crossed with a homozygous recessive trait
Results may vary
What is a chromosome, and how many do human beings have?
Chromosome: carrier of genetic information inside of each of your cells
Humans typically have 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs
The phase of mitosis and meiosis where chromosomes align in the middle of the cell
Metaphase
List ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage to doing sexual reproduction as an organism in nature
Advantage: Increased genetic diversity
Disadvantage: Time consuming, requires two individuals, requires lots of energy
Complete the Punnett square on the board for the following cross:
A homozygous dominant trait with a heterozygous trait
Results may vary