Genetics 1
The segments of DNA that codes for a trait
genes
This type of gene always shows its self over a recessive gene
dominant gene
mRNA is used to create an amino acid chain known as a protein.
Translation
DNA will create mRNA to send the code to the ribosome.
Transcription
a capital letter represents what type of trait?
dominant trait
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
This describes two of the same copies of a gene
homozygous
The changing of the structure of a gene.
Mutation
A heterozygous dominant spotted cow has Tt as its genotype. What is the genotype of an unspotted cow?
tt
Possible symbols for a carrier on a pedigree chart.
Extra: An example of a carrier's genotype.
Half shaded circle and square; Aa
Chromosomes are made up of _______.
DNA
This describes different alleles for the same trait.
heterozygous
The reason for cell division in mitosis?
Growth and Repair
A brown cow and a white cow are crossed and their offspring are roan (red and white patches).
Codominance
Heterozygous parents are crossed. What percent of offspring will be heterozygous dominant?
50% heterozygous (Hh)
One of two or more forms of a particular gene
allele
Genes of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
recessive gene
This genetic mutation affects the structure of hemoglobin; hemoglobin allows red blood cells to carry oxygen.
Sickle Cell Anemia
A red flower and white flower have offspring that are pink.
Incomplete dominance
What percentage of two homozygous dominant parents will have heterozygous offspring?
0%, not possible since parents only have dominant alleles
What are the four nitrogen bases found in DNA.
Adenine, Cytosine, Thymine, and Guanine (ACTG)
A model that shows possible gene combinations.
Punnett square
In some chickens, feather color is controlled by codominance. B=black, W=white, BW=erminette (black and white spotted). What are the results from crossing black and erminette chickens?
50% black, 50% erminette
In snapdragons, flower color is controlled by incomplete dominance. The two alleles are red (R) and white (W). The heterozygous genotype is expressed as pink. What cross will produce the most pink-flowered plants? Show a punnett square to support your answer.
Red flower (RR) x White flower (WW)
2 generation pedigree chart with individual II.3 affected with the trait and I.1 and I.2 being carrier's of the trait.
(Ms. C will check your pedigree chart)