Vocab List 1
the process in sexual reproduction in which an egg cell and sperm cell join to form a new cell.
fertilization
_________ results in a broad range of phenotypes. _________ results in many different genotypes for a trait.
polygenic inheritance ; multiple alleles.
True / False: Complete dominance results in the dominant allele begin shown in the phenotype; unless the organism is homozygous for the recessive trait.
true
Incomplete dominance results in a _____________ of both alleles in the phenotype
blend
codominance results in _________________ in a phenotype
both alleles expressed
1) the offspring of many generations that have the same form of a trait 2) organism has two different alleles for a trait
(Think back to Mendel Vocabulary)
Purebred ; Hybrid
_____________________ occurs when the alleles are only partially dominant.
incomplete dominance
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a purebred tall plant and a purebred short plant.
100% heterozygous ; 100% tall
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a red snap dragon and a white snap dragon
100% heterozygous 100% Pink
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a chicken with black feathers and a chicken with white feathers
An organism’s ____________ is its physical appearance, or visible traits. An organism’s ___________ is its genetic makeup, or alleles
phenotype ; genotype
when both alleles for a gene are expressed equally.
codominance
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a heterozygous green seed pea plant and a homozygous yellow seed pea plant.
50% heterozygous (green) 50% homozygous recessive (yellow)
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a homozygous dark brown horse and a heterozygous palomino (tan) horse
50% homozygous (dark brown) 50% heterozygous (palomino (tan))
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a heterozygous patchwork (black and white fur) fur dog and a homozygous black fur dog
50% heterozygous (patchwork) 50% homozygous (Black)
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait is said to be________________ for that trait.
homozygous
Some genes have ________________ , which means that three or more possible alleles determine the trait. Give one example of this type of inheritance
multiple alleles ; ex: rabbit fur , blood types
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a homozygous purple flower pea plant and a heterozygous purple flower pea plant
50% homozygous dominant (purple) 50% heterozygous (purple)
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a homozygous cream horse and a heterozygous palomino (tan) horse
50% homozygous (Cream) 50% heterozygous (palomino (tan))
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between a heterozygous patchwork (black and white fur) fur dog and a homozygous white fur dog
50% heterozygous (patchwork) 50% homozygous (White)
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait is _________________ for that trait.
heterozygous
occurs when more than one gene affects a trait. Give one example of this type of inheritance.
polygenic trait ; Ex: height, skin tones
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between two heterozygous smooth pod pea plants
25% homozygous dominant (smooth) 50% heterozygous (smooth) 25% homozygous recessive (not smooth (wrinkled))
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between two pink snap dragons
25% homozygous (Red) 50% heterozygous (Pink) 25% homozygous (White)
What is the possible phenotypes and genotypes of a cross between two speckled (black and white feathered) chickens
25% homozygous (Black) 50% heterozygous (Speckled) 25% homozygous (White)