Cell Cycle / Mitosis
Vocab
Extending Genetics
Stuff you should know
More Stuff you should know
100
DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear envelope breaks down during this phase of mitosis.
Prophase
100
When both alleles of a gene are the same.
Homozygous
100
When someone does have a condition, but they may pass it on. The person is heterozygous for the alleles. What is this an example of / what is the person called?
A carrier
100
This stage of interphase occurs before synthesis. During this stage, a cell increases in size and organelles.
G1
100
This type of inheritance pattern occurs when the heterozygous phenotype is between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Incomplete dominance
200
Spindle fibers contract, separating sister chromatids during this stage of Mitosis.
Anaphase
200
Describes the physical characteristics displayed by an organism.
Phenotype
200
A genetic phenomenon that occurs when the expression of one gene is affected by another.
Epistasis
200
How many chromosomes does a human body cell have (diploid, somatic cell)?
46 chromosomes
200
A pattern of inheritance which occurs when the heterozygous phenotype is between the two homozygous phenotypes.
Incomplete dominance
300
DNA is replicated during this stage of the cell cycle.
Synthesis
300
A variant of a gene controlling the same trait.
Allele
300
"Roan" is a pattern seen in cows where red and white hairs are present in heterogeneous individuals. Homozygous indivduals are either Red or White. What is this an example of?
Codominance
300
"Crossing over" is when homologous chromosomes pair up and parts of chromatids can break off and reanneal on the other chromatid. What stage of Meiosis does this happen during?
Prophase I
300
DNA wraps around proteins called ________, which help organize the DNA and give it structure.
Histones
400
Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell during this stage of Meiosis.
Metaphase I.
400
When each allele of a gene is different.
Heterozygous
400
Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder. Dad has huntingtons disease and is heterozygous for the condition. Mom does not have the condition. What are the chances they have a child with the condition?
50%
400
Queen Victoria was a carrier for hemophilia. She herself did not have the condition, but could pass it on. Would she have been considered homozygous or heterozygous for the condition?
Heterozygous
400
Traits produced by two or more genes.
Polygenetic Traits
500
Homologous chromosomes are pulled apart during this stage of Meiosis.
Anaphase I
500
Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.
Crossing Over
500
Both Mom and Dad are a carrier for an autosomal recessive disorder. What are the chances that they have a child who has the condition?
25%
500
Sister chromatids (not homologous chromosomes) are pulled apart during this stage of meiosis.
Anaphase II
500
A small dense structure produced when one of the X chromosomes is compacted during X chromosome inactivation.
Barr body