DNA
When must DNA replication occur during the cell cycle for each daughter cell to receive a complete copy of DNA?
DNA replication must occur before mitosis.
What nitrogenous base replaces thymine in RNA?
Uracil
This sugar is the defining structural component of the RNA backbone, containing one more oxygen atom than its counterpart in DNA.
Ribose
Which of the following describes a key property of the genetic code?
Multiple different codons can code for the same amino acid.
What is the most common color of the single berry found on a sprig of mistletoe?
White
What would happen if a cell divides before DNA replication is completed?
Daughter cells would receive incomplete genetic information and never regain it, and they may not survive.
If 35% of an organism’s DNA is thymine, what is the percentage of guanine?
15%
Frederic Griffith used the word transformation to describe the changes in bacteria that he observed. Which is the most useful definition of transformation?
a permanent change in the genetic composition of an organism
Which two genes are most likely to be affected by a crossing-over event?
a pair of genes located at opposite ends of a chromosome
What word does the conductor in The Polar Express punch into the main character's ticket to signify the spirit of Christmas?
Believe.
How does DNA replication differ between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes use multiple replication forks to replicate a larger volume of DNA.
From left to right, what is the corresponding sequence of the complementary strand?
G G T G A C T
C C A C T G A
Velma is developing a computer model of translation. Her instructor points out that the model does not include ribosomes or ribosomal RNA. If the model is accurate in other ways, how does the absence of ribosomes and ribosomal RNA affect it?
Amino acids would not join together, and no polypeptides would form.
Which event occurs in prophase I of meiosis, but not prophase of mitosis?
Homologous chromosomes pair to form a tetrad, and may cross over.
On the twelfth day of Christmas, the singer receives a total of twelve drummers drumming and this many maids a milking
8
In prokaryotes, certain proteins act to regulate genes by binding to DNA. What could be the effect of these binding proteins?
They may act to turn on or turn off gene transcription.
The model of the double-helix model of the DNA molecule resembles a twisted ladder. What makes up the rungs of the twisted ladder?
paired nitrogenous bases
Which of these events occurs first during the process of transcription?
RNA polymerase binds to the promoter.
Why are human gametes haploid and not diploid?
Because each must combine with another gamete to produce a new diploid individual.
Name all of Santa's reindeer
Dasher, Dancer, Prancer, Vixen, Comet, Cupid, Donner, Blitzen, Rudolph
How does the double-helical structure of DNA explain how the molecules can be copied or replicated?
Because of base pairing, each strand has all the information to serve as a template for the synthesis of the other strand.
This is the most common single functional purpose of nitrogenous bases, especially adenine, when they are attached to a ribose sugar and two or three phosphate groups.
Energy Transfer
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
Unlike in Mitosis, Meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of_________
Four haploid gametes
In what country is it a widespread modern tradition to order and eat KFC for Christmas dinner?
Japan