Genetics Vocabulary
Definition: The Study of how traits are transferred from parents to offspring
Genetics
Asexual or Sexual?
DNA is the exact same as the parent, no genetic variation
Asexual
Genetic or Non-Genetic:
Rolling Tongue
Genetic
A trait that overpowers the other trait.
Dominant
If the parent cell has 52 chromosomes during Mitosis, how many chromosomes does each daughter cell have?
52 Chromosomes
Definition: Children of parents,..the YOUNG
Offspring
Asexual or Sexual?
Genetic mix of the parents with genetic variation
Sexual
Genetic or Non-Genetic:
Curling your hair
Non-Genetic
A trait that disappears when paired with a trait that "takes over."
Meiosis results in this many MORE daughter cells than mitosis
2 Daughter Cells
Definition: Stores genetic information. In the Nucleus, Made from DNA. Humans have 46 in most cells
Chromosomes
What is the scientific name for egg and sperm?
Gametes
Genetic or Non-Genetic:
Blood Type
What does Homozygous and Heterozygous mean?
Homozygous means when 2 genes (Alleles) are the SAME
Heterozygous means when 2 genes (Alleles) are DIFFERENT
In humans, the 4 daughter cells of meiosis contain how many chromosomes EACH?
23 Chromosomes
Definition: Separate units of inherited information from each parent. Located IN chromosomes. Carries a trait
Genes
Which type of reproduction allows for evolution?
Sexual
Genetic or Non-Genetic:
Handshake
Non-Genetic
Describe each parents genes as dominant or recessive along with whether or not their genes are homozygous or heterozygous
Parent 1 has the genes: Bb (Black hair)
Parent 2 has the genes: bb (Brown hair)
Parent 1: Heterozygous Dominant
Parent 2: Homozygous Recessive
What is the main difference between Meiosis and Mitosis in terms of variation?
Mitosis's 2 daughter cells are clones and have no genetic variation.
Meiosis's 4 daughter cells have genetic variation and are all different from one another
Definition: Structures that build life translated from gene
Proteins
Name 3 ways organisms can reproduce asexually.
Propagation, Regeneration, Budding, Fission, Parthenogenesis
Define the word Traits
A characteristic passed on from parents to offspring
Black fur (A) is dominant to brown fur (a) and brown eyes (B) are dominant to blue eyes (b) in mice. Parent 1 has both homozygous recessive traits. Parent 2 has both homozygous dominant traits. What will their offspring look like? How do we know that?
Parent 1: aa and bb
Parent 2: AA and BB
Offspring: Aa and Bb
(Black fur with Brown Eyes)
Which phase of Meiosis does DNA replication NOT occur?
Prophase II