Genetic Material
This pyrimidine base connects with A(adenine)
The flow of information from DNA to RNA protein to trait is known as this.
An operon where the enzymes are typically in the “on” condition, but can be “turned off”
The production of genetically identical copies of DNA, cells, or organisms through some asexual means.
Two parent frogs have 16 frogs, 12 of the frogs have brown spots and 4 of the frogs have orange spots. Brown spots are a dominant trait, while orange spots are recessive. The phenotypes of the offspring are 75% brown spots and 25% orange spots and there is one genotype of the parents that allow for this to happen.
The genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA, non coding DNA and genes.
This molecule codes for the repressor.
Small accessory rings of DNA found in bacteria
This researcher injected mice with heat-killed S strain bacteria and live R strain bacteria and found that a transforming substance passed from the dead S strain bacteria to the living R strain bacteria that caused the mice to die.
Who is Frederick Griffith
This is the part of tRNA that allows it to bind onto the correct codon on mRNA.
This type of mutation creates a completely new sequence of codons downstream of a nucleotide being added or deleted to a DNA strand, resulting in a different protein.
This technique amplifies small samples of DNA to quantities that are large enough for analysis
This is the expected genotypic outcome of a homozygous dominant crossed with a heterozygous.
What is 50% homozygous dominant and 50% heterozygous?
This technique was used by Rosalind Franklin to see the patterns of DNA which revealed that DNA is a double-helix.
What is X-ray diffraction?
This is the direction in which RNA polymerase moves along the DNA molecule.
What is 3’ to 5’?
This form of regulation in gene expression keeps genes “turned off” by making them inaccessible to RNA polymerase.
You would use this in order to see where genes are turned on at a particular time under certain environmental conditions
There were different types of fish found in a pond and scientists wanted to test their ability to swim fast in relation to their eye size. The ability to swim fast is dominant (D) and swimming slow is recessive (d). The eyes in these fish can be either large (E) or normal (e). A slow swimming fish with normal eyes was crossed with a fish that is heterozygous for swimming fast and has normal eyes. These are the genotypic percentages of the offspring.
What is 50% Ddee, 50% ddee
This is a short strand of RNA that is placed on the strands by DNA primase to be replicated for DNA replication.
These molecules regulate translational control.
What is siRNA or small RNA
A child with SCID lacks the enzyme ADA which is in the maturation of immune cells. Bone marrow stem cells are removed from the patient and they are infected with a virus that carries the enzyme, before the cells are returned to the organism, making the cure for SCID this type of process.
Scientists observed different frogs out in the wild. Among these frogs, they could either have long legs (Q) or short legs (q). They could also either be purple (B) or white (b). A frog that was heterozygous for legs and was white was crossed with a short legged frog that was heterozygous for color. The expected phenotypic ratio was 1:1:1:1 (1- QqBb, 1- qqBb, 1- Qqbb, 1- qqbb). On the day of observation, the scientists found 6 frogs that were QqBb, 9 frogs that were qqBb, 5 frogs that were Qqbb, and 8 that were qqbb. This is the chi-square value calculated for this data.