Vocabulary
the form of a gene (either dominant or recessive)
what is allele
likelihood that a particular trait will occur in offspring
what is probability
scientific study of heredity
what is genetics
segment of DNA, found on a chromosome, that determines the inheritance of a particular trait
what are genes
pollen moving from one plant to a different plant
what is cross-pollinate
trustworthiness (of data)
what is reliability
basic unit structure and function of living things
what is cell
born in 1822, discovered the principles of heredity while studying pea plants
who was Gregor Mendel
transfer of pollen from the male part of a plant to the female part
what is pollination
a genetically determined characteristic
what is a trait
passing of traits from parent to offspring
what is heredity
structure near the center of a cell that contains the cell's DNA
what is nucleus
table used to predict what traits offspring will have, based on what genes the parents have
what is Punnett square
in a pair of alleles, the one that is masked (hides) if a dominant allele is present
what is recessive
modification of the characteristics of an organism by making changes to its genetic material
what is genetic engineering
the physical appearance of a trait
what is phenotype
if present in a pair of alleles, it will determine the trait
what is dominant
pollination within the same plant
what is self-pollinate
the set of genes that make up a trait, (ex: Ee or AO)
what is genotype
process by which cells divide
what is cell division
using a form of radiation to treat a disease (like cancer) can also be used to kill germs on food
what is radiation treatment
the amount of data collected
what is sample size
both alleles in a gene pair are the same (both dominant or both recessive)
what is homozygous
the alleles in a gene pair are different (one is dominant and the other is recessive)
what is heterozygous
structure located in the nucleus of a cell, made of DNA; contains the genetic information needed to carry out cell functions and make new cells
what is a chromosome