Anatomy
This specialized structure of the kidney is responsible for regulating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and is located where the distal convoluted tubule passes by the glomerulus.
What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus (or juxtaglomerular complex)?
Measures urea filtered by kidneys
What is BUN?
Bacteria in the urine
What is bacteriuria?
This type of catheter is designed to be left in place for long-term use, often in patients with chronic urinary retention or urinary incontinence.
What is a Foley catheter?
This class of medications help to lower high blood pressure and is commonly prescribed to protect kidney function in patients with diabetes.
What is an ACE inhibitor?
which kidney is positioned lower than the other and why?
What is right kidney because the liver displaces it
This diagnostic test involves the visual inspection of the interior of the bladder using a flexible tube with a camera, typically performed when hematuria or recurrent urinary tract infections are present.
What is a cystoscopy?
Most common in women, older adults are hospitalized for it and can occur coughing, sneezing, and or laughing.
What is Urinary Incontinence?
This diagnostic procedure uses a thin needle inserted through the skin to obtain a sample of kidney tissue for biopsy, often used to diagnose kidney disease or monitor organ transplant rejection.
What is renal biopsy?
This class of drugs, used in the treatment of UTI related pain, works as an local analgesic in urinary tract and turns the urine an orange colour.
What are phenazopyridine (Pyridium)?
(Also available as Azo, Uristat)
500 mL
This type of urine sample is collected to ensure that the first part of the urine stream is not contaminated and is often used to diagnose urinary tract infections (UTIs).
What is a midstream urine sample?
This condition causes this gland to enlarge and constricts the ability to void and nocturia is common.
What is Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy/hyperplasia?
This surgery is the most common to remove the prostate because its less stressful and invasive.
What is Transurethral Prostatectomy (TURP)?
This vitamin D analog is sometimes prescribed to patients undergoing dialysis to help manage calcium and phosphate balance.
What is Calcitriol?
This is the segment of the nephron where most of the reabsorption of water, glucose, sodium and other ions occurs, and is located in the renal cortex.
What is the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)?
Laboratory assessments for prostate cancer (2)
What is prostate specific antigen (PSA) analysis and Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)?
The most common form of kidney disease. Also called kidney infection or complicated urinary tract infection.
What is Pylenephritis?
This intervention involves the placement of a tube directly into the renal pelvis to drain urine from the kidney, often used in cases of obstruction or infection.
What is a percutaneous nephrostomy?
This class of drugs is often prescribed to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by relaxing smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck, improving urine flow.
What are alpha-1 blockers?
(Example: Tamsulosin (Flomax), Alfuzosin (Uroxatral))
This pair of organs, located in the lower back, filter blood to remove waste and excess substances, producing urine.
What are kidneys?
This imaging procedure uses a contrast dye to create detailed X-ray images of the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. It is particularly useful in identifying stones or blockages.
What is an IVP (Intravenous Pyelogram)?
These tumors are experienced by 30 to 40 percent of all woman, they are benign and slowly develop between the ages of 25 and 40. Also called leiomyomas or myomas.
What are fibroids?
Uses sound, laser, or dry shock waves to break the stone into small fragments that can later be excreted from the body
What is the lithotripsy?
This diuretic is commonly used to manage edema and hypertension, and works by inhibiting sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle?
What is Lasix (furosemide)?