Overview
Genome editing is the precise manipulation of these to alter cell fates and organism traits.
What are DNA sequences?
Understanding these in certain diseases such as DMD or Sickle Cell Disease helps to know which genome editing technique would be most optimal.
What are genetic defects?
This principle should be considered; although the parent makes the decision to undergo genome editing therapy, it can have a permanent effect on the newborn essentially since the newborn is incapable of giving consent, therefore taking this away from the newborn later in life.
What is autonomy?
When it comes to nursing cares regarding genetic testing and/or genome therapy, it is important for the nurse to respect these.
What are Patient Rights?
This technology is primarily used in focus for potential breakthrough for treating, curing and potentially preventing genetic diseases such as DMD and Sickle Cell Disease.
What is CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) technology?
This tool can also be used to address and potentially solve the issue of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria.
What is CRISPR-Cas tool?
In certain jurisdictions, regulations in germline manipulation in an embryo are categorized into these three categories.
What are restrictive, intermediate and permissive?
Ethical concerns about this principle can be present in the potential for increased pressure regarding the resulting child and disputes within the family.
What is non-maleficence?
CRISPR-Cas systems, an inherent immune mechanism present in prokaryotes is one of the most popular tools that was first harnessed in 2014 for selective removal of genes responsible for this.
What is antimicrobial resistance?
Until more guidelines are established, to start pregnancy is a big risk for side effects especially with the germline altered in these.
What are embryo and reproductive cells?
Although in 2001, while President George W. Bush put restrictions in the US regarding this, individual states, private funders, and other countries still provided funding which in turn raised ethical and moral concerns such as doing research with limited transparency and oversight.
What is embryonic stem cell research?
Eugenics in general can be concerning because it could be used to reinforce this as well as narrow definitions of normalcy in the general society.
What is prejudice?
*DAILY DOUBLE*
FUN FACT: The Genome Army soldiers featured in this video game are the result of gene therapy including genome editing.
What is Metal Gear Solid?
If germline genome editing is proven to be effective in reducing and potentially eliminating the risk of passing the affected gene to the newborn, a socioeconomical concern would be this.
What is equal access to the technologies?
Future clinical application of human germline genome editing should not proceed unless (at a minimum) there is: a compelling medical rationale, an evidence base that supports its clinical use, an ethical justification, and this.
What is a transparent public process to solicit and incorporate stake holder input?
Although it may seem like the nurse could be violating HIPAA, if someone who could be in impending danger because of direct contact (whether sexual or other physical contact), it is morally and ethically obligatory for the nurse to do this to the affected person.
What is duty to warn?
*May wager any amount of points, this is the final Jeopardy question*
The key takeaway from all the information is that there will continue to be advancements in technology regarding genome editing. Despite that, it should always be in the best interest for the nurse to make sure that this is the nurse's and provider's focus.
What is the patient?