Infectious Inpatient
Most common cause of UTI in children
E Coli
Initial fluid for maintenance in a 12 yo child
D5NS or D5LR
What is SMART Therapy?
Single Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (age 5+)
A 3-year-old with uncomplicated viral gastroenteritis, tolerating oral fluids.
Not
5-year-old with refusal to bear weight, afebrile, recent viral illness. Labs normal.
Transient synovitis
Most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in school-age children
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Hyponatremia with seizure – what is your immediate intervention
Hypertonic saline (3% NaCl), 3–5 mL/kg bolus
What defines moderate persistent asthma
Daily symptoms, nighttime symptoms >1x/week
5-week-old with fever of 100.6°F but appearing well.
Admit
2-month-old with poor feeding, hypotonia, and constipation
Infant botulism
What are the criteria for diagnosing Kawasaki Disease
Fever for ≥5 days plus 4/5 clinical criteria (rash, conjunctivitis, oral changes, extremity changes, cervical LAD)
How do you manage a child with SIADH-induced hyponatremia
Fluid restriction; consider salt tabs or hypertonic saline if symptomatic
6-year-old with status asthmaticus, not improving after albuterol and steroids. Next step?
Consider IV magnesium sulfate or terbutaline
4-year-old with mild croup, normal oxygen saturation, improved after racemic epinephrine.
Not
Febrile child with petechial rash.
Meningococcal disease
Classic CSF findings in viral meningitis
Clear fluid, normal to slightly elevated opening pressure, lymphocytic predominance, normal glucose, mild protein elevation
What electrolyte abnormalities are associated with tumor lysis syndrome
Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia
What is the role of magnesium sulfate in asthma
Smooth muscle relaxation; can decrease BP so often give with fluid bolus!
Teenager with appendicitis and no available OR for 2 days. Stable vitals.
Admit
10-year-old with headache, vomiting, and bradycardia
Increased ICP
Empiric antibiotics for neonatal sepsis
Ampicillin + gentamicin (or cefotaxime)
What is the correction factor for sodium in hyperglycemia
Add 1.6 mEq/L to Na+ for every 100 mg/dL glucose over 100
What monitoring is needed for a child receiving continuous albuterol
Cardiac monitoring for tachycardia/arrhythmia, K+ levels
10-year-old with new-onset diabetes, blood glucose 650 mg/dL
Trick question! Depends on the pH
Toddler with cough, fever, and unilateral decreased breath sounds
Foreign body aspiration