quakin' in my boots
The largest earthquakes to occur in the past 100 years
Chile (May, 1960)
(deadliest=china)
distance to the epicenter is found by
comparing the arrival times of p and s waves
What is the influence of loose sediments on earthquake shaking
Seismic waves travel faster through hard rocks than through softer rocks and sediments. As the waves pass from deeper harder to shallow softer rocks they slow down and get bigger in amplitude as the energy piles up.
T or F: There will always be foreshocks and aftershocks surrounding an earthquake
False
who was maddie's first celebrity crush
(2 answers will be accepted)
channing tatum
zac efron
What is an asperity?
rough spots that prevent faults from sliding until they are broken
Why are earthquakes felt farther away in the eastern US compared to the western US
because seismic waves travel farther in the colder, denser crust of the eastern U.S.
For every whole number increase in magnitude, the amplitude of shaking goes up by a factor of:
10
Why the US Geological Survey believes there is a high seismic hazard in the midwest
there is an old rift zone where the reactivation of a 500 million year old ancient fault has occurred
The percent chance of avoiding collapse during an earthquake that California building codes require is:
90%
what is elastic rebound
highly stressed crust bends like rubber (storing energy), then unbends (releasing energy)
in what order do the 4 waves arrive
P waves, s waves, then love and rayliegh
How earthquake magnitudes are related to the relative magnitude of shaking
An earthquake has a single magnitude. The shaking that it causes has many values that vary from place to place based on distance, type of surface material, and other factors
why are earthquakes impossible to predict?
the times and magnitude of earthquakes on any fault is highly variable
what is liquefaction
the process in which saturated soil loses its stiffness and strength due to the stress caused by the shaking
How many seismograms are required to locate an earthquake
three
What are the two categories and 4 types of seismic waves
Body (p and s waves)
Surface (love and rayleigh)
What does the Mercalli scale measure and what factors influence it
The lower numbers of the intensity scale generally deal with the manner in which the earthquake is felt by people. The higher numbers of the scale are based on observed structural damage
How is GPS is used to predict how big the next earthquake in a region is likely to be?
Gps measurements enable us to measure slip deficit rates, the amount of an earthquake will need to slip in order to reduce stress build-up
what kind of earthquakes are worst overall?
7+ magnitude with high populations and poor building practices
What is stick-slip behavior
double points if you can say why it occurs
faults remain stuck while energy builds, then slips when energy is released
occurs because of friction (asperities)
who is maddie's fav hockey player
bonus points for what team
jack hughes
new jersey devils
Name the three types of faults and when they occur
How does an earthquake early warning system work
Seismic waves travel slower than the speed of light. Therefore, one can detect an earthquake and communicate a warning before the shaking.
what is one way we can keep a building from swaying too much during an earthquake
Base isolation systems that build the building on rubber base isolation pads