Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Tsunamis
Dams
Miscellaneous
100
What is an earthquake?
shaking or trembling of the Earth's surface
100
What is a volcano?
vent or opening on Earth's surface that expels molten rock and other material
100
What is a tsunami?
series of waves/ wave train generated in a body of water by an impulsive disturbance that vertically displaces the water column
100
Where is the Three Gorges Dam located?
Yangtze River, China
100
Besides lava, what other materials eject from a volcano?
rock, ash, gas
200
What causes an earthquake?
build-up of tension in plates and a sudden release of energy
200
Where are most active volcanoes located?
subduction zone & volcanic island arc
200
What is tsunami Japanese for?
"harbor wave"
200
What is the primary reason for building the Dam?
For 100 years the flooding was bad and claimed a million lives
200
What is magma and lava?
magma is molten rock that is under Earth's surface; lava is molten rock on surface
300
What is the epicenter?
point above the focus on the Earth's surface
300
Factors that determine the type of volcanic eruption?
1. composition of magma 2. temperature of magma 3. amount of dissolved gases in magma
300
How do regular waves occur?
wind
300
Name a pro of the Dam?
Hydroelectricity is cleaner, opens more jobs
300
What is the economic advantage of living near a volcano?
ash has nutrients that act as natural fertilizer for agriculture
400
Give examples of how energy can be released to cause an earthquake.
1. movement of magma 2. man-made explosions 3. movement of water behind a dam
400
What determines the shape of a volcano?
nature of the rocks
400
What structures did Japan built to protect themselves against tsunamis and earthquakes?
sea walls and springs under buildings
400
What are some cons for the Dam?
1. displacement & relocation of people; government compensated them; discrimination in place? 2. toxic industrial sites not cleaned up properly and pollutes flooding waters 3. water pollution b/c decrease in flushing power of river 4. villages and cities destroyed by flooding; valuable farmland drowned 5. ecological destruction of habitats; biodiversity loss probably more?
400
What are the types of rocks in a volcanic eruption? What is the difference?
thick & gummy versus fluid; thick and gummy flows further down the mountain and causes a steeper slope; fluid causes a gentler slope
500
What is a seismic wave?
an underground wave that causes movement
500
What is nuee ardentes?
most destructive type of pyroclastic flows
500
Why do waves get larger as they reach the shoreline?
wave energy constant but wave drags on floor and slow down
500
What are the three purposes for the Dam?
1. navigation 2. flood control 3. hydroelectricity
500
What is a pyroclastic flow?
hot gases infused with incandescent ash and solid rock fragments
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