Do What?
When the Northern Hemisphere is in summer, what season is the Southern Hemisphere in?
Winter.
This where heavy rainfall and dense vegetation.
What is a tropical Forest Biome like?
It is here climate changes with altitude, often seen in mountains
What is the vertical climate zone
A warm ocean current flowing north from the Gulf of Mexico, warming the climate of adjacent land areas in Europe and North America.
What is the Gulf Stream
When the Sun’s direct rays strike the Tropic of Cancer or Capricorn
What is a solstice
A climate cycle marked by cooler-than-average seawater in the central Pacific, often reducing rainfall in the Southwest and influencing global weather.
What is La Niña?
The side of a mountain that faces prevailing winds
What is the windward side of a mountain
The side sheltered from prevailing winds, usually dry due to the rain shadow effect
What is the Leeward side of a mountain
Which Tropic is closer to the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer?
What is the Tropic of Cancer
When day and night are of approximately equal length
What is an equinox
This happens where evaporation and low pressure combine with Earth’s rotation.
What is a hurricane and how does it form?
It is when moist air rises up the windward side of a mountain and leaves the leeward side dry and warm.
What is the rain shadow effect
A climate phenomenon that occurs when easterly winds weaken or reverse
What is El Niño
Winds carry moisture and temperature, so changes in wind patterns change weather and climate.
How do wind systems affect climate?
This is when the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere
What is June 21
When temperatures are warmer near the Equator and cooler near the Poles.
How does latitude affect climate?
Which Tropic is closer to the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere’s winter?
The Tropic of Capricorn
Polar, Temperate, Sub-Tropic, and Tropic.
What are the four main climate zones?
Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, while climate is the long-term pattern of weather in an area.
What is the difference between weather and climate?
This is when the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere occurs
When is December 22
Mountains force air upward, causing rain on the windward side and dry conditions on the leeward side.
How do mountain barriers affect climate?
A swampy forest in high northern latitudes, especially between tundra and temperate zones.
What is the taiga biome (coniferous forest)?
A grassy plain in tropical or subtropical regions with few trees.
What is a Savanna Biome?
This warms nearby land areas, especially Western Europe, causing winter temperatures to be much higher.
The Gulf Stream affect
They transfer warm and cold water, moderating temperatures, cooling tropics, and warming polar regions.
How do ocean currents affect climate?