Case Studies - Unit 1
The overpopulation from industrialising China resulted in this policy.
What is the One-Child policy?
Birth rate - how many are born per 1000 people
death rate - how many die per 1000 people
What is the birth rate and death rate?
Underpopulated countries have trouble with the amount of workers to run their economy and support their elderly population efficiently, and overpopulated countries often have resource shortages, overcrowding and pollution.
What are some issues in over and underpopulated countries?
The site is the land the settlement is built on. The situation is the position of the settlement in relation to the surrounding area.
What is the difference between site and situation?
The effects of urbanisation on the Mumbai environment are large squatter settlements (very populated)
What are the effects of urbanisation on the Mumbai environment?
Japan's population structure does not look like a pyramid because they have a low birth rate, thus making their middle age group larger.
Why does Japan's population pyramid not look like a pyramid?
The death of children under the age of one.
What is infant mortality?
What are the problems of rapid population growth?
Cities that have merged with other towns and merge with them as they grow out.
What is conurbation?
"Vision Mumbai" was created by the vision authority to try to tackle the poor quality of life by many Mumbai residents. It probably won't be successful; too many residents that live in squatter housing, and they wanted to get rid of them so where will those residents live and there won't be enough jobs for them.
What is Mumbai trying to do to improve its living standards and will it be successful?
The population decreases, shortage of skilled labour in the workforce and reproduction is hindered by HIV leading to higher death rates.
What are the effects of HIV and AIDS on the Botswana population?
It's a simplified explanation of how the population patterns of countries alter over time.
What is the demographic transition model?
Push factors are circumstances that force people to leave their home country, such as war, disease, crime, etc. Pull factors are circumstances that attract immigrants to move to a country, such as economic opportunities, safety, family, higher standard of living, etc.
What are push and pull factors?
Services with a large threshold population; furniture, store, university.
What are high order services?
There are high land costs, the land is expensive, there's urban decay, air pollution, traffic congestion, high crime, housing problems.
What are the effects on urbanisation in New York city?
The impact of China's ONe-Child policy is that it's an ageing population and there's a number of gender imbalances between men and women.
What are the impacts of China's One-Child policy?
immigrants - is going into a country
emigrants - is going out of a country
What is the difference between immigrants and emigrants?
Settlements that are generally not centred around a focal point and have few residents and services. Settlements that are built on a line or path, such as a major road or river.
What are dispersed and linear settlements?
Places where that people think might be contaminated, i.e the innercity
What are brownfield sites?
To avoid air pollution, they use a great number of public transports. With the greener project, they are using renewable energy; pumping oil from the ground and using underwater turbines. To reduce traffic congestion they have two CBD's.
What is the New York government doing to combat those problems?
Most of the population of Botswana live in the East of the country due to the large and inhospitable Kalahari desert.
How is Botswana's population distributed?
The pro-natalist policy encourages, accelerate or require births. The anti-natalist policy discourages slowing down or prohibits births.
What are the pro-natalist policies and anti-natalist policies?
A settlement that is usually circular in shape and with a Central Business District at the centre, with suburbs around the edges.
What is a nuclear settlement?
Government buildings, high order retail services old historic buildings, public transport services, a high number of pedestrians, multi-story buildings; show high land values.
What are some of the features of the Central Business District?
They prioritized green space, they have rent control schemes, public transport, high-density housing.
How did Curitiba, Brazil develop into a modern city?