Mineral Properties
Which is more reliable at identifying minerals: streak or color?
Streak
This mineral is clear, has a cubic form, and is commonly known as table salt (NaCl).
Halite
What does intrusive mean?
Cooled within the Earth
What does foliated mean in the context of metamorphic rocks?
Parallel alignment of minerals, forming a layered texture
What are the 3 types of sedimentary rocks?
Chemical, clastic, and biogenic
What does foliated mean?
The mineral is sheet-like
This mineral is black, foliated, and has perfect basal cleavage.
Biotite
If a rock is plutonic, does that mean that it is intrusive or extrusive?
Intrusive
What is the parent rock of gneiss, schist, and slate?
Mudstone
What type of sedimentary rock is coal?
Biogenic
Name the four tools we used to test a mineral's hardness.
Fingernail, penny, glass plate, metal nail
This mineral is cubic or massive, brassy yellow, and commonly known as "fool's gold."
Pyrite
Obsidian
What is California's state rock?
Serpentinite
What is lithification?
Compaction of sediments creates a new rock
What is the difference between cleavage and fracture?
Cleavage leaves a well-defined break whereas fracture has no uniform way of breaking
This mineral is massive, whitish gray to green in color, and has a soapy feel.
Talc
Name both of the vesicular rocks we learned about.
Tuff and pumice
Which rock fizzes when it comes into contact with hydrochloric acid- marble or quartzite?
Marble
How are clastic rocks classified?
Grain size, grain shape, and mineralogy
What is a mineral? Hint: there are 5 components.
Options: inorganic, solid, naturally occurring, definite chemical composition, structured atomic arrangement
This mineral can either be a shiny/silvery black or a rusty red color, but it will always have a reddish brown streak.
Hematite
Define porphyritic.
Igneous rocks with large crystals set in a background of smaller/non-visible crystals
Parent rock, temperature, and pressure
Name 2 of the depositional environments for mudstone.
Options: deep marine, shelf/platform, tidal flats, and lakes