Earth's Layers
The first layer of the Earth
Plates that move apart, mostly found on the bottom of the seafloor
Divergent boundaries
Natural vibrations of the ground caused by movement along the gigantic fractures in Earth's crust
Earthquakes
parts of an organism such as bones or teeth
Body fossil
This technology helped identify the mid-ocean ridges under the sea - it was originally designed for warfare
sonar
The second layer of the Earth
the mantle
Plates that come together and form mountains
Convergent boundaries
based on observable Earthquake damage - designated by Roman numerals
Mercalli scale
foot impressions, eggs, burrows or dung
trace fossil
Scientists use these to determine how old certain fossils are
ice cores
The third layer of the Earth
the inner core
Transform boundary
Measure of the strength of Earthquakes - goes up logarithmically
Richter Scale
process of a species, family, or other group of animals or plants ceasing to exist
Extinction
Name two of the four fossils that were found that identify continental drift and Pangea
Glossopteris, Mesosaurus, Lystrosaurus, Cynognathus
The fourth layer of the Earth
the inner core
Process where one plate slides beneath another one - more dense plate goes beneath less dense plate
subduction
considers the faults geometry rather than just peak amplitude
Moment - Magnitude Scale
Name of the supercontinent that was identified by Alfred Wegner - fits together like puzzle pieces
Pangea
the giant mountain range beneath the Atlantic Ocean
Mid-Atlantic Ridge