Definitions
Geologic Time Scale
Grab Bag
Divisions of Geologic Time
Fossils
Geologic Column
Geologic Column Names
Unconformities
100
_________ is the death of every member of a species
What is extinction?
100
Name the time in Earth's history:
Clue #1: 4.6 billion to 542 million years ago
Clue #2: no Oxygen in air
Clue #3: only very simple, mainly bacteria life
What is Precambrian?
100
True/False: Mammals have existed for most of Earth’s history.
False. They first appeared just over 200 million years ago. The earth is about 4.5 billion years old. That's about 5% of the time.
100
The largest division of geologic time are ______________.
What are eons?
100
Which scientist formulated the theory of uniformitarianism?
Who was James Hutton?
100
The oldest sections are shown on the __________ layer, and the recent sections would be on the ________ layer.
What is Bottom/Top?
100
The Mesozoic Era is known as...
The Age of Reptiles (Dinosaurs - OK)
100
What type unconformitiey is this?
Disconformity
200
How do we determine the absolute age of a rock?
What is radiometric dating? (Nuclear radiation - ok)
200
Name the era in Earth's history:
Clue #1: 250 - 65 million years ago
Clue #2: Age of Reptiles
What is the Mesozoic Era?
200
What time sees only bacteria life?
Precambrian
200
Eons are divided into __________.
What are eras?
200
Which type fossil is this?
Mold/Cast fossil
200
How many periods are found in the Mesozoic Era?
Bonus: list them
What is 3 ?
Bonus: Triassic, Jurassic & Cretaceous
(+100) ... 2 of 3 --> +50
200
Which period is known for the 1st appearance of small mammals?
Triassic Period - early dinosaurs.
200
What type unconformity?
Angular unconformity
300
The age of an event or object in relation to other events or objects as shown by layers of rock wth fossils is called ______________
What is Relative Age
300
Within which era is the Jurassic Period?
What is the Mesozoic Era?
300
True/False: Throughout Earth’s history, the number and type of life forms has remained fairly constant.
False.
300
Eras are divided into __________.
What are periods?
300
What type fossil is this?
Trace fossil
300
Which fault is older, Fault A or Fault B?
Fault A since there are layers on top of it.
300
This era literally means, "old life."
Paleozoic Era
300
Type unconformity?
Nonconformities
400
What are the largest and 2nd largest divisions of geologic time?
What is eon and era?
400
Name the time in Earth's history which is referred to as the "Age of mammals"?
What is the Cenozoic Era.
400
What could have caused the mass extinction of most of the dinosaurs?
Gradual changes in the climate or ocean currents OR huge events like a meteor/asteroid enters our asmosphere and makes a giant hole in the ground, kicking up dirt and soil into the air that blocks out the sun for a long time until plants die. Then when a lot of plants die, animals that eat plants have no food, and they die too.
400
Periods are divided into ____________.
What are epochs?
400
What type of fossil is the following?
What is preserved remains?
400
Which dike is older, Dike A or Dike B?
Dike B
400
Current geologic era, and it is also known as the Age of _________?
Cenozoic Era ... Age of Mammals
400
When the uncirfmity is simply a missing strata level, what is this called?
paraconformity
500
This event was the relatively rapid appearance (over a period of a few million years) of many animal and plant species where there was almost no fossil evidence before.
What is the Cambrian explosion?
500
The first trace of life on earth (bacteria) can be traced back to about when?
3.8 billion years ago. (3.5 - 3.9 OK)
500
Give an example of creatures that were victims of a mass extinction.
What are dinosaurs?
500
There are _____ eras in Earth’s history.
(Name all for bonus.)
What is four?
Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic
(+ 150)
500
What type of life is found in the Precambrian era?
What is bacteria?
500
Which is more recent, Fault B or Dike B? How can you tell? (Required)
Fault B Dike B does not go to the top, meaning there are layers on top, while Fault B goes to the top, so it must be more recent.
500
How do we refer to the time before the Cambrian Period in the Paleozoic Era?
Precambrian time
500
How did the formation of the oceans affect the atmosphere?
The formation of oceans significantly altered the atmospheric composition by absorbing large quantities of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, reducing its concentration and cooling the planet, while simultaneously allowing for the accumulation of oxygen produced by early marine organisms through photosynthesis, gradually increasing its presence in the air; essentially, the oceans absorbed most of the CO2, leading to a more oxygen-rich atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is slightly soluble in water, so as oceans formed, they dissolved a large amount of this greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.
The removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by the oceans helped to regulate the planet's temperature by reducing the greenhouse effect.