The Changing Earth
The study of the earth and the processes that change and shape it
Geology
A crack in earth's crust
fault
Magma turns into this once it erupts out of a volcano
Lava
Minerals
A process or force that moves sediments to new locations
Erosion
The same types of these were found in different parts of the world, showing the continents weren't always where they are today.
Fossils and rocks
The violent shaking of the ground caused by huge blocks of rock moving along a fault
Earthquake
A type of volcano that has erupted in the past 10,000 years and is likely to erupt again.
Active volcano
Rock that forms when magma cools and solidifies.
Igneous
A process that breaks big rocks into smaller rocks without changing the minerals they contain
Physical weathering
Moving apart, colliding, and sliding sideways are the different ways these interact.
Tectonic plates
A very hot region deep within Earth's mantle where a huge magma chamber forms
Hotspot
A type of volcano that is considered active but hasn't erupted for a very long time
Dormant volcano
Rock that forms when other types of rock change due to extreme heat and pressure.
Metamorphic rock
A process that breaks down rocks by changing the minerals they contain
Chemical Weathering
The term for when the continents were close together.
Pangea
An underground hot spring that periodically erupts, shooting hot water and steam into the air
Geyser
A type of volcano that has not erupted for at least 10,000 years
Extinct volcano
Mountains formed when gigantic blocks of rock move up and down along faults.
Fault-Block Mountains
Rain that mixes with carbon dioxide in the air.
Acid rain
Where geysers, hot springs and volcanoes can form.
Along plate boundaries and above hot spots.
What is North American's largest hotspot?
Yellowstone National Park
The volcano that made 1816 "a year without a summer"
Tambora
Mountains formed when magma pushes upward into Earth's crust from the mantle, causing the crust to bulge.
Dome Mountains
The Grand Canyon is the result of what two forces?