Throw Back Thursday
What did people believe during the Middle Ages about the planet when it comes to Geology?
People believed Earth’s surface never changed and disasters were punishments from God.
What are seismic waves?
Seismic waves are energy waves that travel through Earth during an earthquake.
What two things does a metamorphic rock need to form?
Heat and Pressure
What is lava?
Magma that has entered earth's surface.
What causes fold mountains?
These mountains form when tectonic plates collide and crumple Earth’s crust.
What discovery led people to question whether continents had always been separate?
World maps caused people to notice that some continents fit together like puzzle pieces.
What tool do scientists use to record earthquakes? How is it used?
Seismographs track seismic waves to help scientists locate earthquakes.
What are the three types of igneous rock?
Basalt, granite, and obsidian
Where do many volcanoes form?
Volcanoes often form where tectonic plates pull apart or collide.
What causes fault-block mountains?
Fault-block mountains form when Earth’s crust breaks and large blocks are pushed up.
What evidence suggested Earth’s surface had changed over time?
Fossils found on mountain peaks showed that sea levels had been different in the past.
What layer helps drive plate movement?
Earth’s mantle contains slowly moving material driven by heat and pressure.
If you were any type of rock and you get too close to the magma in the mantel and melt/get too hot, which two types of rocks could you become?
Igneous or metamorphic.
How do volcanoes form?
Volcanoes form when tectonic plates pull apart and collide. Then the magma rises through the cracks and weak spots and eventually reaches earth's surface.
What process created the Andes Mountains?
The Andes Mountains formed because one plate slid beneath another.
What is Shen Kua known for?
Shen Kua concluded that Earth’s surface changes slowly due to powerful forces.
What did Inge Lehmann become famous for?
Inge Lehmann discovered that Earth’s core has a solid inner core and liquid outer core.
A sedimentary rock is made by...
sediments compacted and cemented over time.
How did the island chain of Hawaii form?
Hot spots under the oceanic crust.
Which mountain range is Mount Everest a part of?
The Himalayas
Why did scientists initially reject the theory from Wegener- continental drift?
Wegener’s hypothesis was rejected because it explained why continents fit together but not how they moved.
How did scientists learn about Earth’s layers?
Scientists used seismic wave behavior to identify Earth’s four layers.
What is oceanic crust mostly made of?
Basalt
How do volcanoes both build and destroy Earth’s surface?
Volcanic eruptions can create new landforms while also destroying existing ones.
How can mountains be both built and destroyed at the same time?
Mountains can continue to rise even as erosion wears them down.