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A geological process in which one edge of a crustal plate is forced downward into the mantle below another plate and melted
Subduction
Between the core and the crust, liquid that consists of compounds of oxygen iron silicon, magnesium etc,
Mantle
Study of Earth's materials
Geology
The theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle. Proposed by Alfred Wegener
Plate Tectonics (Theory)
-Primarily IRON and NICKEL
-Solid
The Inner Core
The lower part of the mantle
Asthenosphere
When plates move toward each other
Convergent Boundary
A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock on or below the surface
Igneous Rock
Igneous rock that forms from lava on Earth's surface
Extrusive Rock
-Primarily IRON and NICKEL with sulfur and oxygen
-Liquid
The outer Core
The upper part of the mantle and the crust
Lithosphere
When plates move away from each other
Divergent Boundary
Molten rock beneath the earth's surface
Magma
Igneous rock that forms when magma hardens beneath Earth's surface.
Intrusive Rock
Plates slide against one another on land and lead to large earthquakes.
Continental Transform
The air and area that is above the crust and below space
Atmosphere
When plates move past each other in opposite directions
Transform Boundary
Igneous or sedimentary rock that has been changed into a new kind of rock as a result of great pressure and temperature.
Metamorphic Rock
A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid
Sublimation
-Early stages of divergence
-Continental rifting will lead to a break-up of continents and the formation of new oceans.
-Shallow earthquake focus depths
Divergent Boundaries (Oceanic)
The extremely hot, solid, and dense center of the earth, which is believed to be composed of iron and nickel
Core
A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together
Sediment
Forces from within the earth, building up of earth's surface, based on plate tectonics resulting in mountains, plateaus, & valleys
Tectonic Forces
Earths layers
outer core, inner core, mantle, and crust
Proposed by Nicolaus Steno in 1669, states that younger layes of rock or soil were deposited on the top of older ones by wind or water
Law of Superpostion