Earth's Composition and Plate Tectonics
The two main types of tectonic plates
What are continental and oceanic?
A fossil can be any of these three things
What are plants, animals, or insects?
The Rock Cycle
What is the process in which rocks are constantly changing?
The four types of volcanoes
What are cinder cones, composite volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and lava domes?
These formations hang from the ceilings of caves
What are stalactites?
The four layers of the Earth
What are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core?
Trace fossils
What are fossils that don't have any actual part of the original organism, including animal tracks and impressions
Examples of Sedimentary Rock
What are shale, limestone, sandstone?
Scientists use this scale to measure the strength of earthquakes
What is the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS?
This German geologist invented a scale to rate the hardness of minerals
Who was Friedrich Mohs?
The oceanic and continental plates are made of this, respectively
What are "Sima" (silicone and magnesium) and "Sial" (silicon and aluminum)?
Fossils are primarily found in this type of rock
What is sedimentary rock?
This is how igneous rocks are formed
What is by magma or lava that cools down and hardens?
This landform is completely surrounded by water, + example
The three types of boundaries and how they move, respectively
What are convergent (together), divergent (away), and transform (slide)?
Gastroliths
Metamorphic Rocks are formed here
Where is deep within the Earth?
The largest volcano on Earth
What is Mauna Loa on Hawaii?
You need deposits of this to form stalactites and stalagmites
What is calcium carbonate?
The seven major tectonic plates
What are the African, Antarctic, Eurasian, North American, South American, India-Australian, and the Pacific Plates?
Fossils form in a variety of ways- carbonization happens like this
What is when all the elements of an organism dissolve except for carbon?
Sediment turns into a sedimentary rock
What is by compaction and cementation?
What are tropical and temperate rainforest, and 1/3 of the Earth's surface?
The seven basic crystal shapes, or "lattices"
What are cubic, trigonal, triclinic, orthorhombic, hexagonal, tetragonal, and monoclinic?