Matter
What is the name of the positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom?
Proton
What is the process that produces mountains, volcanoes, earthquakes, and new land formations?
Plate Tectonics
Provide an example of a mineral
Diamond, salt, copper, gold, etc.
What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
What is the hardest mineral?
Diamond
What are the three particles found in an atom?
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What food is used to explain the phenomenon of plate tectonics?
Cracked hard-boiled egg
What is one of the ways that we identify minerals that only uses our eyes?
Color or luster
What is the process that produces metamorphic rock?
Heat and pressure
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
Weathering breaks the rocks down while erosion is more focused on moving the rock from one place to another
What are the two main regions of an atom?
Nucleus and electron cloud
What are the four layers of the earth?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
What are the five characteristics that identify a substance as a mineral?
Naturally occurring, inorganic, solid with a specific crystal structure and definite chemical composition
What has to be formed before sedimentary rock can be formed?
Sediment
What is the mineral definition for hardness?
The mineral's resistance to scratching
What does the atomic number tell us?
The number of protons in an atom.
What kind of plate boundary creates fold mountains?
Name three of the six main identifiers for minerals.
Color, Luster, Cleavage/Fracture, Hardness, Crystal Shape, Streak
What is a unique characteristic of extrusive igneous rock?
It is typically glass-like and/or contains air pockets
What is an example of igneous rock?
Obsidian, pumice, basalt
What is the definition of an atom?
The smallest unit of matter with unique characteristics
What is the plate boundary that produces volcanoes along the coast?
What are the two primary ways that minerals are formed?
Water evaporation and magma cooling
What processes turn sediments into sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
What is the only completely liquid layer of the earth?
Outer Core