The theory that the Earth's crust is divided into plates that move on top the mantle by convection currents
100
What is weathering?
The breaking down of rock into smaller pieces.
100
What are the two types of mountains?
Folded and Fault-Block
100
Where does convection take place in the Earth?
The mantle
200
Explain the theory of continental drift and who was the man who discovered it?
Continental Drift is the slow movement of the continents to their present position. Alfred Wegener first came up with the idea.
200
How many named plates are there?
15
200
What are the two types of weathering and give an example of each?
Mechanical - (break the rock)
Chemical - (change the rock)
200
What is the strongest part of the earthquake?
The epicenter
200
Explain how convection currents move the tectonic plates.
The heat rises from the core, through the mantle, then when it hits the crust it moves the plates. The cooler air then falls back down to the core and the process repeats.
300
What are three pieces of evidence that prove Pangaea exsisted?
Fossils (plant and animal)
Mountain Ranges
Puzzle Pieces
Glacier Scratches
Tropical Plant of Antartica
300
What are the three types of plate boundaries and how do they move?
convergent = crash together
divergent = pull apart
transform = slide past eachother
300
What condition is the fastest and slowest for weathering?
fastest = wet/hot
slowest = dry/cold
300
Where do the most volcanoes and earthquakes occur and why?
The Ring of Fire and due to all the subduction zones
300
What happens to the old oceanic crust at the end of sea floor spreading?
It falls down the trench by subduction and is recycled.
400
How is continental drift related to Pangaea and what discovery finally proved both occured?
Continental drift explains how Pangaea broke apart. The discovery of plate tectonics in 1960 proved this theory to be true.
400
When a crack appears on the Earth's surface due to plate movement what is it called?
A fault
400
How might weathering change a shape and size of a rock?
It would make it smoother and smaller
400
What are the three types of seismic waves caused by earthquakes?
p-waves
s-waves
surface wave
400
Give two ways scientists know that seafloor spreading exsists.
Dating core samples
Underwater cameras
Rocks in center are always younger then near the trenches
500
Explain the temperature differences from the crust to the core. Also what makes the crust so different from the other layers? (Two reasons)
The crust is the coolest with varying temperatures and the temperature increases the further into the Earth you go.
The crust is so different because we live on it and it can be as tall as Mount Everest or as small as the bottom of the ocean.
500
If a scientists where studying the Grand Canyon's rock layers, explain how Grand Canyon formed and where the most recent fossil would be found.
Grand Canyon was form by river water eroiding the rock. The most recent fossils would be found closer to the surface.
500
What are the three ways volcanoes form?
divergence - mid-ocean ridge
convergence - Ring of Fire
hot spot - Hawaii
500
If seafloor spreading did not exsist, how might the Earth's surface look differently then is does now?
There would be very little landscape (mountains, volcanoes, earthquakes, cliffs)