Earth Foundations
the study of the earth and its materials, structure, and processes and the history of how these things have changed over time
What is Geology?
This naturally occurring event is caused by pressure below the surface of the earth mounting and causing molten rock, gases, and debris to force it's way out of the top of the earth's crust
What is a volcano?
This is a geological formation on the earth's surface
What is a landform?
This is naturally formed in the earth made of non-living things, made of specific elements arranged in precise ways
What is a mineral?
This experiment used frosting, fruit roll ups, and graham crackers to highlight the idea of different types of this drifting such as divergent boundaries, continental-continental convergent boundaries, oceanic continental convergent boundaries
What was the plate tectonics map experiment?
The earth is made up primarily of the crust, mantle, and core. Things get much more specific later but these provide the basis for how we can simplify the giant rock we live on.
What are the 3 main layers of the earth?
This geological location is caused by tectonic plates that fracture resulting in two blocks of earth's crust moving against one another and can result in earthquakes
What is the fault line?
This landform have high elevations, and showcase land that is lifted up higher than the surrounding area. This includes blocked peaks, rounded domes, folded peaks, and volcanic peaks
What is a mountain?
What is a gem
We performed this yummy experiment with colorful toothpick sticks, lots of jolly rancher gummies, and tested the ability of your structures to withstand this catastrophe on different types of land
What is the earthquake experiment where we built structures on jello and brownies?
This substance is below the earth's surface and can spew out of volcanos
what is magma > lava?
Flash floods are common catastrophic events that can result in this geological process
What is erosion?
This a landform that is made up of large masses of snow, rock, and sediment and have compacted over time to form a frozen landmass.
What are glaciers?
This is rock is full of minerals that contain highly structured crystals
What is a geode?
We performed this failed experiment in class with water we heated up and tried to use 3 cups of sugar and food coloring to create this common edible mineral
This is formed by lava or magma cooling and solidifying
What is igneous rock?
This type of volcano does not regularly erupt but scientists consider it a threat in the future
What is a dormant volcano?
This mountain type is formed from rising magma under the surface, and creating a bulging rounded mountain (example: Black Hills of South Dakota)
What is a dome mountain?
This is formed by naturally occurring solid minerals, crystals, sand, dirt, and other fragments
What is a rock?
We performed this messy and fun experiment with baking soda, lots of clay, water bottles, and vinegar that exploded (we added food coloring for fun)
What is the erupting volcano experiment?
What are tectonic plates?
San Andreas and Sierra Nevada fault lines are known to be common central starting points for earthquakes, they are called
What is the epicenter?
This landform type is elevated land with very steep sides and a flat top.
This 3-D solid mineral has its internal atoms arranged in highly organized ways
What is a crystal?
We performed this experiment in class with lots of milk chocolate, white chocolate, a melter, and shaver to showcase this geological process
What is the rock cycle experiment (where magma turned to igneous rock, then to sediments (shaved), to sedimentary rock, and to metamorphic rock)?