Vocabulary
a theory that Earth’s crust and the solid top part of the mantle are broken up into sections that fit together but move against each other
Tectonic Plates
What is an earthquake?
Shaking of the ground caused by movement of Earth's plates beneath the surface
What is a volcano?
A mountain or hill that has an opening called a crater. Inside, there is hot melted rock called magma.
What is a tsunami?
What is geology?
Study of Earth like rocks, minerals, landforms, and how Earth changes over time
to send out rock, lava, and ash in a sudden explosion
erupt
What causes an earthquake to happen?
Earth's tectonic plates move and get stuck. When they move, they release energy
What causes a volcano to erupt?
When pressure builds up inside the Earth and forces magma to push through.
What causes a tsunami?
Underwater earthquake that shifts the ocean floor
What are rocks made of?
Different minerals
a gigantic wave of seawater caused by an earthquake in oceanic crust
tsunami
How do scientists measure the strength of an earthquake?
seismometer
What is lava?
Melted rock that comes out of a volcano. It starts as magma inside the Earth.
How do tsunamis move across the ocean?
Travel fast in deep water, but are not very tall. They slow down and get much taller when they get closer to the shore.
How do Earthquakes change the Earth?
Movement in ground changes the shape of the land, creating new landforms like mountains and valleys over time
a process in which continents slowly move over time on the surface of the earth
continental drift
What should you do to stay safe during an earthquake?
Drop to the ground, take cover under a table or desk, hold on until shaking stops
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is melted rock inside the Earth and when it comes out of a volcano, it is called lava.
How can you stay safe during a tsunami?
Go to higher ground immediately. Stay away from the beach until danger is over.
What is a fossil?
Preserved remains of an ancient plant, animal, or living thing
a surge of energy traveling out from an earthquake’s source through the earth
seismic waves
Where do most earthquakes happen in the world?
"Ring of fire" which is a belt around the Pacific Ocean (Japan, Chile, California)
Where do most volcanoes happen?
"Ring of Fire" like Japan, Indonesia, Hawaii
Where do tsunamis usually happen?
"Ring of Fire" like Japan, Indonesia, Hawaii
Name 1 volcano, earthquake, or tsunami that has occurred in the past.
...