A bubble of magma that is very near earth's surface. This feature created the Hawaiin Islands
Hotspot
100
This happens to a tsunami as it nears shallow water
(2 Things).
Slows down and gets higher (stacks up)
100
Explain one piece of evidence that supports the theory of plate tectonics
Coastlines Fit Together
Fossils Found on Multiple Continents
Ages of Ocean Floor
Locations of Earthquakes & Volcanoes
100
When water gets into the cracks of a rock and freezes, it can break the rock apart. What is this process called?
Frost Wedging
100
This is the main cause of floods
Excess water/rain
200
A river of mud that is a serious volcanic hazard. These usually occur on mountains where there is a lot of snow and ice, like Mt. Rainier.
Lahar
200
Earthquakes tend to occur at these locations
On faults/plate boundaries
200
Glaciers tend to move about this speed
Few centimeters a day to several feet a day
200
Often forgotten as a part of weathering/erosion, this is possibly the most important.
Gravity
200
This is the amount of water in a river/stream
Discharge
300
The amount of the United States that would be covered in ash if the Yellowstone Supervolcano were to erupt.
Half of the United States
300
This causes a tsunami to form
Displacement of water from landslide/plate shifting (earthquake)
300
The cracks in a glacier are called this. Hint: Not a "crevice"
Crevasse
300
This type of weathering actually changes the composition of materials to break it down, as opposed to just using "brute force"
Chemical Weathering
300
This is how often a certain size flood will occur in any given year.
Flood Frequency
400
Four benefits of volcanoes
Rich Soil, Geothermal Energy, New Land, Air, Tourism
400
"Normal" waves in an ocean/lake are usually caused by this; quite different from the way tsunamis form.
Wind
400
In caves what are the pillars that grow upward from the ground called
Stalagmite
400
This amount of Vermont was covered in glaciers during the last ice age
All of Vermont
400
This is a benefit of floods
Rich, fertile soil
500
The reason that the Yellowstone supervolcano is considered so dangerous, asides from the fact that it is HUGE (50 x 30 mile crater)
It could erupt at any time (it is overdue)
500
There are two main types of earthquake waves.
What are they? Hint: These "waves" can be used to figure out distance to the epicenter, among other things.
Primary (P) Waves and Secondary (S) Waves
500
This is the "engine" that drives plate tectonics
Earth's Core (Heat)
500
Glaciers do this to the landscape
Shape it, grind up rocks, smooth out mountains, carve out valleys