Geology Unit Test Review

Earth's Interior and the "spheres"

100

What is the solid center within earth?

The Inner Core

200

What is a thin, rocky layer of earth that is broken into two categories: continental and oceanic?

The crust

300

What layer consists of both the upper mantle and lower portion of the crust?

The Lithosphere

400

What sphere section is the physical section of earth, ranging from the surface to the center of earth?

The Geosphere

500

What layer within the mantle is considered the "weak layer" due to earth's temperature and structure?

The Asthenosphere

Plate Tectonics

100

What part of the mantle are the tectonic plates fragments of?

The Lithosphere

200

Which tectonic plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move toward each other?

Convergent Plate Boundaries

300

Which tectonic plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move apart/away from each other?

Divergent Plate Boundaries

400

Which tectonic plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates brush past each other?

Transform Plate Boundaries

500

Give one evidence that Alfred Wegener provided to prove Pangaea was correct.

1) Matching fossils 

2) Similar rock types and earth features

3) Continents fit like puzzle pieces

4) Climates and glacier separation

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

100

What wave moves back and forth?

P Wave (also known as Primary Wave)

200

What wave moves perpendicular and goes side to side?

S Wave (Secondary Wave)

300

This volcano type exhibits the shape of a broad, domed structure.

Shield Volcano

400

This volcano is the most dangerous and erupts pyroclastic and lava flows.

Composite Volcano

500

This volcano type is the youngest and produces a single, short-lived eruptive event.

Cinder Cone Volcano

Erosion, Deposition, and Weathering

100

This process takes place as rocks are broken down or worn away into smaller pieces.

Weathering

200

This process takes place when there is movement or transportation of sediments.

Erosion

300

This process takes place when sediments are built up or added onto a landform.

Deposition

400

What is the most important agent of chemical weathering?

Water

500

List at least two types of mechanical weathering.

1) Frost Wedging

2) Jointing

3) Sheeting

4) Unloading (a part of sheeting)

Mass Movement and the Rock Cycle

100

Which rock type is formed from small grains or particles near the surface of the earth?

Sedimentary Rocks

200

Which rock type is formed from the cooling of magma or lava and silicate minerals?

Igneous Rocks

300

What two actions create metamorphic rocks?

Heat and Pressure

400

List the three proportions of soil texture.

1) Clay

2) Silt

3) Sand

500

List the three types of motions for mass movement.

1) Fall

2) Slide

3)Flow