The Geosphere (Unit 3)
Tell me 4 examples of precious stones
Diamond, emerald, ruby, and sapphire
1. This is the altercation of the normal composition of air due to the presence of energy and particles, which can be harmful for living things and the environment
2. These are generated by natural phenomena, without human intervention. For example, the dust in deserts, ashes, and gases released by volcanic eruptions or the pollen produced by plants.
3. These are generated by human activity. They are classified, according to their origin, as physical or chemical.
(Natural pollutants, air pollution, and artifical pollutants)
1. air pollution
2. natural pollutants
3. artifical pollutants
The _______ _______ (two words) protects us from harmful ultraviolet rays of the Sun.
ozone layer
The mass of water that forms part of the Earth´s surface is called the _____________. This includes water is all three states.
hydrosphere
Water is a molecule formed by the combination of two _______ atoms and one _______ atom.
two hydrogen atoms
one oxygen atom
What is a type of rock that contains minerals with important elements including metals that can be extracted from the rock at a profit?
Ore
Give me 3 reasons why the atmosphere is so important
Regulates terrestrial temperature (greenhouse effect)
Protection against radiation and meteorites
Contains molecules that living things need
What are the consequences of destroying the ozone layer? (Tell me 2 examples)
It has negative effects on the skin, body´s defenses, and our sight. Also it reduces the efficiency of photosynthesis and loss of phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems.
Pure liquid water is __________, __________, and _________.
(hint: the suffixes for each word is -less)
colorless (colourless), odorless (odourless), and tasteless
Water is known as the universal solvent: allows the _______ of many dissolved substances outside or inside the body.
trasnport
What are the names of the two locations or sites where rocks are extracted?
Gravel pits and quarries
1. The _________ is the gasesous layer that surrounds the Earth.
2. In terms of the composition of air: what are two biggest components? (There are 5)
2. Nitrogen and oxygen
Lets talk about the consequences of air pollution!
What are the consequences of air pollution: at a global level, in ecosystems, or at an individual level
(choose one and explain)
*answer can be decided by teacher*
At a global level: acid rain
In ecosystems: the extinction of the species or the change of habitat
At an individual level: problems of health
1. __________ _________: is the alteration in the composition of water that makes it inadequate for its intended use.
2. __________ _________: water polluted by domestic use is called wastewater.
3. __________ _________: pollution with toxic metals or increasing water temperature.
(domestic pollution, water pollution, and industrial pollution)
1. water pollution
2. domestic pollution
3. industrial pollution
True or false:
Jellyfishes are 95% water.
True
Tell me 5 examples of petroleum products:
Gasoline, kerosene, diesel, fuel.
Manufacture of solvents, inks, waxes, bitumen, and cleaning products.
Butane, propane, and methane gases.
Oils used as motor and engine lubricants and waxes.
Asphalt
Plastics such as polyethylene and others
Fabrics and synthetic fibers (nylon, synthetic wool ...)
Rubbers, vaseline, and latex
Paints, soaps, cosmetics, perfumes and dyes
Detergents and pesticides
The __________ ________ (two words) is the phenomena by which the atmosphere retains some of the heat from the Sun. In this way, it regulates the temperature of the Earth´s surface, maintaining temperature levels adequate for life to exist.
Greenhouse effect
Tell me 2 preventative and corrective measures of air pollution
Clean and purify the smoke and gases produced by industry.
Control and reduce emissions of toxic and dangerous pollutants.
Encourage reforestation of ancient green areas or forests.
Reduce energy consuption.
Substitute traditonal sources of energy.
Reduce the amount of residues and rubbish, and reuse and recycle both materials and energy.
The _______ ______ (two words) is the group of processes that allow water to change state and travel between the atmosphere and the Earth´s surface in a cyclical movement. The energy sources that act as an engine of this cycle of processes are the Sun and the force of gravity.
water cycle
1. Water changes the surface of the continental crust by participating in the shaping of relief and modifying landscapes.
2. The presence of water in the atmosphere is responsible for the differences in climate and precipitation.
3. The balance that the water cycle maintains in terrestrial ecosystems can be altered by human actions.
(The water cycle and the biosphere, the water cycle and the geosphere, and the water cycle and the atmosphere).
1. The water cycle and the geosphere
2. The water cycle and the atmosphere
3. The water cycle and the biosphere
What are 3 consquences of mining activity?
Destruction of the natural environment and forests, disappearance of flora and fauna, air pollution, surface and groundwater pollution, soil damage, population displacement, and changes in the microclimate
What are 5 layers of the Earth´s atmosphere?
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.
What are 2 social and economic impacts of climate change?
The cost of adapting coastal areas to rising sea levels.
Relocation of whole towns.
Shrinking productivity of harvests.
Prices of basic foodstuffs and consumer goods will rise.
Extreme meteorological phenomena will cause widespread poverty.
Diseases will spread due to higher temperatures.
Fresh water will be in short supply in some areas.
More wars to gain access to limited resources.
Loss of the capacity to work due to heat.
What is the percentage of water in humans?
Humans are 70% water
1. What is the process called when liquid water becomes solid?
2. What is the process called when gas becomes liquid water?
3. What is the process called when solid water (ice) becomes gas?
(condensation, sublimation, or solidification)
1. Soldification
2. Condensation
3. Sublimation