U TRIPPIN MAPS
This 0-degree line of latitude divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
What is the Equator?
This branch of geography focuses on natural processes and features, such as studying weather patterns, rock types, and oceans.
What is Physical Geography?
Alfred Wegener used matching fossil records and interlocking continental shapes to prove this revolutionary geologic theory.
What is Continental Drift?
This vast Canadian vegetation region features permafrost, lacks trees due to extreme cold, and sits at the northernmost edge of the country.
What is the Arctic Tundra?
The letter "L" in the climate acronym WALPOM stands for this crucial factor, which dictates that regions closer to the equator receive warmer temperatures.
What is Latitude?
While a political map shows boundaries and a thematic map shows specific data, this type of map focuses on natural elevations and landscape features.
What is a Topographic map?
This branch of geography explores how people interact with the planet, including topics like population growth, urban development, and culture.
What is Human Geography?
This specific type of plate boundary occurs where two tectonic plates slide horizontally past one another, often causing severe earthquakes.
What is a Transform boundary?
This massive, continuous forest region dominates Canada's subarctic landscape and consists heavily of evergreen, cone-bearing trees.
What is the Boreal Forest (or Coniferous Forest)?
This type of climate features mild winters, cool summers, and high annual precipitation due to its close proximity to a large ocean.
What is a Maritime climate?
To properly find a location using an atlas or gazetteer, you need these two specific geographical coordinates.
What are Latitude and Longitude?
An example of human geography, this professional title is given to a person whose primary job is the science or practice of drawing maps.
What is a Cartographer?
This process involves the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks at Earth's surface, distinct from erosion which actually transports the pieces away.
What is Weathering?
Characterized by rugged, sharp-peaked mountains and deep valleys, this westernmost landform region covers most of British Columbia and Yukon.
What is the Western Cordillera?
This type of precipitation occurs when warm, moist air is forced to rise rapidly up the side of a mountain barrier, cooling and condensing into rain.
What is Relief precipitation (or Orographic precipitation)?
While the Mercator projection distorts size near the poles, this specific type of map projection is designed to represent the relative sizes of landmasses accurately.
What is an Equal-Area Projection?
This imaginary line marks the 180-degree meridian where the calendar day officially changes.
What is the International Date Line?
Off the west coast of Canada near British Columbia, the Juan de Fuca Plate is diving beneath the North American Plate. This type of plate boundary creates deep ocean trenches and powerful earthquakes.
What is a Subduction Boundary (or Convergent Boundary)?
Known as Canada's breadbasket, this flat landform region stretches across Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, layered with thick sedimentary rock.
What are the Interior Plains?
In a standard soil profile, this organic-rich, highly fertile top layer consists of completely decayed plant and animal matter.
What is Humus?
Exam takers must know how to calculate these two concepts: one determines real-world distance from a map, while the other figures out the hour of day in a different region.
What are Map Scales and Time Zones?
This type of map serves a broad purpose by combining both physical features like rivers and human features like roads or city boundaries.
What is a General Purpose map?
Earth is approximately 4.6 billion years old, a vast timeline divided by scientists into these four distinct primary eras.
What are the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras?
This low-lying landform region features ancient, eroded Paleozoic mountains along Canada's eastern coast, covering parts of Quebec and the Atlantic provinces.
What is Appalachia (or the Appalachian region)?
Soil creation requires air, moisture, and minerals alongside organic matter, but it can be ruined by this process where heavy rain washes vital nutrients deep underground out of reach of plant roots.
What is Leaching?