"Let's Get Mass Wasted"
-Katie Potter
-Katie Potter
Hill-Shlopes
"Channel" Your Inner Knowledge Of River Drainages
Look At Those Sediments Go...Fluvial Edition
Fluvial Land-Formatting And Channel Pat-Turns
100
Three general types of mass movements
What are slides, falls, and flows?
100
Hillslope profiles reflect these three geomorphic factors:
What is climate, geology, and time?
100
The two types of watershed morphometry
What is linear and areal?
Ex of linear=stream ordering
Ex of areal=drainage density
100
Three types of sediment loads
What are dissolved, suspended, and bed loads?
100
Channel sinuosity is measured by _____ ______ / ______ ______
What is the channel length divided by the valley length?
200
Slurry endmembers are _____-supported
What is matrix? (Diamictons - poorly sorted terrigenous sediments)
200
Form of a hillslope is controlled by _____ or _____ _____
What is weathering and sediment transport?
(Weather-limited hillslopes: bare rock or thin soils)
(Transport-limited hillslopes: thick soil and regolith)
200
Four types of drainage patterns
What is dendritic, trellis, rectangular, and radial?
200
The four forces at work on a particle of sediment on a streambed are...
(Two resisting, two driving forces)
What are the resisting gravity and friction forces and the driving lift and fluid drag forces?
200
There are two types of single-thread channels and two types of multithreaded channels...name them
Hint: the spice queen doesn't like saying one of the multithreaded channels' names
What are straight + meandering single-threaded channels and braided + anastomosing multithreaded channels?
300
Rock fall vs. rock avalanche
What is...I don't know how to make this response a question so just pretend...
Rock falls: gravity driven
Rock avalanche: turbulent, fast, large rock-mass fall. (Larger runouts than simple rock fall due to grain-to-grain elastic contacts)
300
In hillslope hydrology, precipitation can go where? (Three areas)
What is evapotranspiration, infiltration, and runoff?
300
Measuring discharge depends on these two factors
What is area (width*depth) and velocity?
300
Sediment yield is...
What is sediment being exported by the landscape
300
These four factors relate to channel patterns
What is bankfull discharge, gradient, sediment load, and bank cohesion/stability?
400
Causes of slope failure or mass movement (there are five major factors)
What is ground shaking, intense/long duration of rainfall, undercutting that removes material buttressing toe of slope, progressive weathering of hillslope material, and loss of vegetation/root enforcement?
Stability of slope: FS (resisting shear strength/driving shear stress)>1 (Stable)
400
One of the ways a channel can begin is through diffusive transport which is slope dependent. This process is dominated by _____ mass-wasting events and leads to ______ slopes.
What is creep and convex?
400
Explain Reynold's number
(Equation is Re=inertial/viscous)
Estimates of laminar vs turbulent flow
Re<500 Laminar
Transitional
Re>2000 Turbulent
400
The ability for a stream to displace or erode material in its bed, to transport sediment or incise bedrock is due to _____ _____
Shear stress
400
Draw the two types of stream terraces
Fill - depositional
Strath - erosional
500
Draw and list the main features seen in a slide or slump
500
Forms of hillslope morphology (three cross-slope components and three downslope components)
Linear Convex Concave
Linear LL LV LC
Convex VL VV VC
Concave CL CV CC
H2O Behavior: Divergent Convergent
500
Stream power is
What is the rate of potential energy loss per unit channel length.
Sediment supply vs. transport capacity (Lane's balance)
500
The sediment budget equation (over a specific time period)
What is I-O=delta S? (Translates to: inputs from watershed to channel - output measured at channel outlet = change in channel storage)
500
Draw a longitudinal profile of a river in a steady-state.
How does this profile differ from rivers in transience?
What is change in channel concavity (knickzone-over steepened reach or knickpoint-discrete step)
Change can be due to baselevel fall, faulting activity, bedrock change, and/or influx of voluminous sediment.